不同发酵模式下白黄侧耳的农艺性状  

Agronomic characteristics of the edible fungus Pleurotus cornucopiae under different fermentation modes

作　　者：郑世仲[1,2] 刘盛荣[1,2] 杨义辉 魏奇 黄千慧 张维瑞[1,2] ZHENG Shizhong;LIU Shengrong;YANG Yihui;WEI Qi;HUANG Qianhui;ZHANG Weirui(College of Biological Science and Engineering,Ningde Normal University,Ningde 352100,Fujian,China;Higher Education Center for Local Biological Resources in Ningde,Ningde Normal University,Ningde 352100,Fujian,China;College of Ocean,Ningde Normal University,Ningde 352100,Fujian,China;College of Life Sciences,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]宁德师范学院生物科学与工程学院,福建宁德352100 [2]宁德师范学院闽东特色生物资源福建省高校工程研究中心,福建宁德352100 [3]宁德师范学院海洋学院,福建宁德352100 [4]福建农林大学生命科学学院,福建福州350002

出　　处：《菌物学报》2024年第8期108-117,共10页Mycosystema

基　　金：宁德师范学院乡村振兴科技支撑专项(2022ZX308)。

摘　　要：白黄侧耳是一种世界性栽培的优质食用菌。为白黄侧耳子实体生产提供有价值参考,本研究考察白黄侧耳4种发酵模式(液体发酵、半固态发酵、固化培养基发酵和固态发酵)下的农艺性状。出菇试验结果显示,白黄侧耳固态发酵原基时间最短(26.45 d),其次是半固态发酵(28 d)和液体发酵(33.75 d),固化培养基发酵原基时间最长,为39.83 d。固态发酵子实体生长时间最短(8.5 d),液体发酵最长(26 d)。固态发酵生产周期最短(35.33 d),其次是半固态发酵(42.54 d)和液体发酵(59.67 d),固化培养基发酵周期最长(62.33 d)。固态发酵单菇重最大(3.41 g),固化培养基发酵最小(0.63 g)。半固态发酵产量最高(16.34 g/瓶),固化培养基发酵最低(1.64 g/瓶)。综上所述,白黄侧耳子实体生产上固态发酵和半固态发酵优于液体发酵和固化培养基发酵。本研究可为创新食用菌生产模式、发酵方法选择以及为白黄侧耳担孢子获取提供有价值参考。Pleurotus cornucopiae is a high-quality edible fungus cultivated worldwide.The present study aims at providing a valuable reference for the production of P.cornucopiae fruiting bodies.Four different fermentation modes,viz.liquid,semi-solid-state,solidified medium and solid-state fermentations were tested for fruiting of P.cornucopiae,and the agronomic traits under different modes were determined.The experimental results showed that the requisite time for primordial initiation was the shortest(26.45 d)under solid-state fermentation,and somewhat longer under semi-solid-state fermentation(28 d)and liquid fermentation(33.75 d),and the longest(39.83 d)under solidified medium fermentation.The fruitbody growth time(from primordial initiation to mushroom harvest)was the shortest(8.5 d)under solid-state fermentation and the longest(26 d)under liquid fermentation.The cropping cycle was the shortest under solid-state fermentation(35.33 d),comparatively long under semi-solid-state fermentation(42.54 d)and liquid fermentation(59.67),and the longest under solidified medium fermentation(62.33 d).The average weight of the single fruiting body was the heaviest under solid-state fermentation(3.41 g),and the lightest(0.63 g)under solidified medium fermentation.The highest yield was 16.34 g/bottle under semi-solid-state fermentation,and the lowest yield was 1.64 g/bottle under solidified medium fermentation.To sum up,the solid-state fermentation and semi-solid-state fermentation are superior to liquid fermentation and solidified medium fermentation for the production of P.cornucopiae.

关 键 词：食用菌 白黄侧耳 半固态发酵 固化培养基发酵 出菇参数 

分 类 号：S646.14[农业科学—蔬菜学]