基于驾驶风格和驾驶员不满度的换道决策模型  

Lane-changing decision model based on driving style and driver dissatisfaction

作　　者：郭烈 卫立任 秦增科 胥林立 GUO Lie;WEI Liren;QIN Zengke;XU Linli(School of Mechanical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian,Liaoning 116024,China;Ningbo Institute,Dalian University of Technology,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315016,China;CATARC(Tianjin)Automotive Engineering Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300300,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学机械工程学院,辽宁大连116024 [2]大连理工大学宁波研究院,浙江宁波315016 [3]中汽研(天津)汽车工程研究院有限公司,天津300300

出　　处：《江苏大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第5期497-505,共9页Journal of Jiangsu University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51975089,52175078);辽宁省自然科学基金资助项目(2021-MS-127);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFE0197700)。

摘　　要：针对现有的驾驶员不满度模型未考虑驾驶风格而导致换道决策难以适应不同类型驾驶员的问题,改进基于前车车速的驾驶员不满度模型,并结合基于椭圆车辆模型的最小安全距离模型,建立基于驾驶风格和驾驶员不满度的换道决策模型.选取15个问题作为驾驶员行为问卷(driver behavior questionnaire, DBQ)调查内容,利用主成分分析和K-means聚类将驾驶风格分为激进型、谨慎型和普通型3类.设计驾驶模拟器试验,采集不同驾驶风格的驾驶员换道数据,得到不同驾驶风格的驾驶员不满度阈值.通过MATLAB/Simulink和Carsim仿真平台验证换道决策模型的有效性.结果表明:换道决策模型可根据驾驶员不满度正确产生换道意图,保证换道过程的安全性,同时还可以适应不同驾驶风格的驾驶员,使基于驾驶员不满度的换道决策模型更符合驾驶员的实际驾驶习惯.To solve the problem that the existing driver dissatisfaction model did not consider driving style and thus made lane-changing decision difficult to adapt to different types of drivers,the driver dissatisfaction model based on the preceding vehicle speed was improved,and the minimum safe distance model based on the elliptical vehicle model was combined to establish lane-changing decision model based on driving style and driver dissatisfaction.Fifteen questions were selected as the driver behavior questionnaire(DBQ)survey content,and the driving styles were divided into three categories of aggressive,cautious and ordinary by principal component analysis and K-means clustering.The driving simulator test was designed to collect the lane-changing data of drivers with different driving styles,and the driver dissatisfaction thresholds of different driving styles were obtained.The lane-changing decision model was verified by MATLAB/Simulink and Carsim simulation platforms.The results show that the lane-changing decision model can correctly generate lane-changing intentions according to driver dissatisfaction and ensure the safety of the lane-changing process to adapt to the drivers with different driving styles and make the lane-changing decision model based on driver dissatisfaction more in line with the actual driving habits of drivers.

关 键 词：换道决策模型 驾驶员不满度 驾驶风格 驾驶模拟器 最小安全距离 

分 类 号：U471.1[机械工程—车辆工程]