EBL教学法对医学教育影响的系统评价再评价  

Impact of evidence-based learning method on medical education:an overview of systematic reviews

作　　者：李慧贤 孙锐珂 李涛[2,3,4] 李向峰[5] 王瑜 谢钰清 王艳艳 LI Huixian;SUN Ruike;LI Tao;LI Xiangfeng;WANG Yu;XIE Yuqing;WANG Yanyan(West China Hospital,Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,P.R.China;Department of Anesthesiology,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,P.R.China;Laboratory of Mitochondrial Metabolism and Perioperative Medicine,National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,P.R.China;Department of Science and Technology,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,P.R.China;National Engineering Research Centre for Biomaterials,Sichuan University/College of Biomedical Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610064,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西医院/四川大学华西护理学院,成都610041 [2]四川大学华西医院麻醉手术中心,成都610041 [3]四川大学华西医院麻醉转化医学国家地方联合工程研究中心线粒体代谢与围术期医学研究室,成都610041 [4]四川大学华西医院科技部,成都610041 [5]四川大学国家生物医学材料工程技术研究中心/四川大学生物医学工程学院,成都610064

出　　处：《中国循证医学杂志》2024年第8期926-933,共8页Chinese Journal of Evidence-based Medicine

基　　金：四川大学研究生教育教学改革研究项目(编号:GSSCU2023098、GSSCU2023035)。

摘　　要：目的对基于证据的学习(evidence-based learning,EBL)教学法对医学教育影响的系统评价进行再评价。方法计算机检索CNKI、WanFang Data、VIP、CBM、PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library和Web of Science数据库,搜集有关EBL教学法应用于医学教育的系统评价/Meta分析,检索时限均为建库至2024年5月。由2名研究者独立进行文献筛选和数据提取,并采用AMSTAR 2量表、ROBIS工具、PRISMA 2020清单和GRADE系统分别评价纳入研究的方法学质量、偏倚风险、报告质量及证据质量。结果共纳入16篇系统评价/Meta分析,AMSTAR 2量表评价结果显示,16篇文献均为极低质量。ROBIS工具评价结果显示,1项为低偏倚风险,15项为高偏倚风险。GRADE系统对纳入文献的36个结局指标的证据质量评价结果显示,6项为中质量,12项为低质量,其余均为极低质量。结论EBL教学法在提高医学生理论成绩、实践成绩以及批判性思维能力等方面具有显著效果,但现有EBL系统评价/Meta分析的方法学和证据质量均较低。Objective To conduct an overview of systematic reviews on the impact of evidence-based learning(EBL)method on medical education.Methods The CNKI,WanFang Data,VIP,CBM,PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,and Web of Science databases were electronically searched to collect the relevant systematic reviews or metaanalyses of the application of EBL method in medical education from inception to May,2024.Two researchers conducted the literature screening and data extraction independently.The AMSTAR 2,ROBIS tool,PRISMA 2020,and GRADE system were separately used to evaluate the methodological quality,the risk of bias,the quality of reporting,and the quality of evidence of included studies.Results A total of 16 systematic reviews/meta-analyses were included.The methodological quality evaluation by AMSTAR 2 showed that the quality level of 16 studies was very low.The results of ROBIS tool showed that 1 study was low risk of bias and 15 studies were high risk of bias.The GRADE evaluation of the evidence quality for 36 outcome indicators in the included studies revealed that 6 were of moderate quality,12 were of low quality,and the rest were of very low quality.Conclusion EBL method has demonstrated significant effects in improving theoretical performance,practical skills,and critical thinking abilities among medical students.However,the methodological and evidence quality of the current systematic reviews/meta-analyses are low.

关 键 词：基于证据的学习 教学方法 医学教育 系统评价再评价 

分 类 号：G642[文化科学—高等教育学] R-4[文化科学—教育学]