走出知识异化:儿童主体性知识生活的创生  

Out of Knowledge Alienation:The Creation of Children's Subjective Knowledge Life

作　　者：王利平 程晋宽[1] Wang Liping;Cheng Jinkuan(Nanjing Normal University;Nanjing Vocational Institute of Transport Technology)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学教育科学学院,南京210097 [2]南京交通职业技术学院马克思主义学院

出　　处：《当代教育科学》2024年第7期28-36,共9页Contemporary Education Sciences

基　　金：2020年度教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“教育高质量发展评价指标体系研究”(项目编号:20JZD053)的研究成果之一。

摘　　要：对课堂知识生态进行认识论意义上的现场还原,有利于我们重新认识儿童的知识生活和知识处境。传统认识论中的儿童面临着客观知识主观化的知识异化,也面临着师生的知识代沟和交往互动中的对象化。基于波兰尼的“个人知识”观,儿童在“前知识”基础上建立起来的具身性知识、实践性知识、生成性知识等来自生命本体的主体性知识,具有更高的教育本体性价值,恰恰是课堂知识生产的入口和通道,能够帮助儿童获得解放了的“知识生活”。教师和儿童的知识角色将随之发生重大转变:儿童是知识的拥有者和生产者,教师是从事儿童知识分析、延伸的引导者,课堂随之成为知识创造之途与创新人才培养之场。儿童主体性知识生活的创生,是中国式课堂教学评价乃至教育高质量发展评价的核心维度。The epistemological on-site restoration of classroom knowledge ecology is beneficial for us to reunderstand children's knowledge life and knowledge situation.In traditional epistemology,children face the subjective alienation of objective knowledge,as well as the knowledge generation gap between teachers and students and the objectification in interaction.Based on Polanyi's concept of"personal knowledge",children's subjective knowledge from the life ontology,such as embodied knowledge,practical knowledge,and generative knowledge,established on the basis of"preknowl-edge",has higher educational ontological value.It is precisely the entrance and channel of classroom knowledge production that can help children obtain a liberated"knowledge life".The knowledge roles of teachers and children will undergo a significant transformation with it:children are the own-ers and producers of knowledge,teachers are the guiders engaged in the analysis and extension of children's knowledge,and the classroom will become the path of knowledge creation and the venue for innovative talent cultivation.The creation of children's subjective knowledge life is the core di-mension of the classroom teaching evaluation with Chinese style and even the evaluation of high-quality education development.

关 键 词：知识异化 主体性知识 知识生活 课堂教学 儿童“前知识” 

分 类 号：G610[文化科学—学前教育学]