组织与人力视角下的STEM教育师资发展与新质提升  

STEM Teacher Development and New Quality Improvement from the Organizational and Manpower Perspectives

作　　者：董艳[1] 吴楠 夏亮亮 DONG Yan;WU Nan;XIA Liang-liang(Faculty of Education,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学教育学部,北京100875

出　　处：《广西师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第5期66-75,共10页Journal of Guangxi Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金2021年度面上项目“STEM教育情境下同伴互动的脑协同机制及策略研究”(62177011)。

摘　　要：STEM教育现已成为培养学习者科技创新能力的国际共识。国际STEM教育一类中心落地上海,肯定了我国STEM教育取得的成绩,提振了本土STEM教育未来发展的信心。然而长期以来我国中小学开展STEM教育实践受制于师资不足问题的影响,师资问题是分科教育发展惯性造成的“系统性短缺”与人力资本勾勒不清造成的“结构性短缺”的结合体。当前培养拔尖创新人才已经成为新时期教育的主旋律,STEM教育具有“立足核心素养,培养创新人才”的价值支点。STEM教师群体基本盘初步建立,教师立足自身的能力迁移实现了STEM教师数量的提升,院校助推的教学模式与评价研究促进了STEM教师能力的提升。随着教育人工智能的发展及其对教育全要素的重塑,组织、人力治理与数智技术的融合将共同实现STEM教育的新质发展。为此,有关部门要开展STEM教育生态评价,助推发展规划落地;构建STEM教师胜任模型,促进专职教师成长;建设STEM教育数字资源,探索人机双师模式。STEM education has become an international consensus to cultivate learners’scientific and technological innovation ability.The landing of UNESCO IISTEM in Shanghai has well affirmed the achievements of STEM education in China and boosted the confidence of the future development of local STEM education.However,for a long time,the practice of STEM education in primary and secondary schools in China has been subject to the problem of teacher shortage due to the joint efforts of the“systemic shortage”caused by the inertia of the development of subject education and the“structural shortage”caused by the unclear outline of human capital.At present,training top innovative talents has become the main theme of education in the new era,and STEM education holds the value fulcrum“based on core literacy and training innovative talents”.The basic group of STEM teachers has been basically established,and the number of STEM teachers has grown based on their own ability transfer.The teaching mode and evaluation research promoted by colleges and universities have promoted the quality improvement of STEM teachers’ability.With the development of educational AI and its reshaping of all elements of education,the integration of organization,human management and digital intelligence technology will jointly realize the new qualitative development of STEM education.Therefore,the research suggests that we should carry out ecological evaluation of STEM education to boost development planning,construct a competency model to promote the growth of full-time STEM teachers,and build digital resources to explore the dual-teacher(human-machine)model.

关 键 词：STEM教育 STEM师资 中小学教育 组织与人力视角 拔尖创新人才 

分 类 号：G521[文化科学—教育学]