同工同酬权利救济的司法困境与完善进路——基于206项司法审判案例的考察分析  

The Judicial Dilemmas and Suggestions for Protecting Workers'Rights of Equal Pay for Equal Work:Investigation and Analysis Based on 206 Judicial Cases

作　　者：刘凤杰 LIU Fengjie(School of Labor Relations,Shandong Management University,Jinan,Shandong Province,250357)

机构地区：[1]山东管理学院劳动关系学院,山东济南250357

出　　处：《山东工会论坛》2024年第5期50-60,共11页Shandong Trade Unions＇ Tribune

基　　金：2022年度山东省人文社会科学课题“劳动法视角下平等就业权司法救济制度研究”(项目编号:2022-JCFX-01)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：同工同酬作为劳动者的基本劳动权利,对于推动实现平等就业以及体面劳动具有重要意义。基于对裁判文书网中2018—2023年的206项司法审判案例的考察分析,发现当前我国同工同酬权利司法救济过程中存在权利性质界定模糊、“同工”与“同酬”认定要件缺失、举证责任分配失衡、派遣与编制等多重身份性障碍并存等问题,导致劳动者在司法实践中难以获得权利救济。针对当前的司法困境,应将同工同酬问题回归劳动法语境进行讨论,并在平等就业权与反就业歧视的框架下进行立法规制,同时对“同工”与“同酬”的概念与要件进行明确界定,引入举证责任倒置原则,逐步消除各类身份性障碍,以最大限度保障劳动者同工同酬与平等就业的权利。Equal pay for equal work is a basic labor right of workers,which is of great significance for promoting equal employment and decent work.Based on the analysis of 206 judicial trial cases collected from the China Judgements Online from 2018 to 2023,it is found that there are problems in the current judicial remedies for equal pay rights in China,such as the vague definition of its nature,the lack of definition of“equal work”and“equal pay”,the imbalance in the distribution of the burden of proof,and the coexistence of multiple identical obstacles such as agency work and bianzhi,which make it difficult for workers to obtain rights remedies in judicial practice.In view of the current judicial dilemma,the issue of equal pay for equal work should be brought back to the context of equal employment rights and anti-employment discrimination in the Labor Law;the concepts of“equal work”and“equal pay”should be defined objectively and clearly;the principle of reversal of the burden of proof should be introduced;and various identity barriers should be gradually eliminated,so as to protect workers'rights of equal pay and equal employment for equal work to the greatest extent.

关 键 词：同工同酬 平等就业 反就业歧视 权利救济 

分 类 号：D912.5[政治法律—民商法学]