正念教养与幼儿焦虑的关系:父母陪伴的中介作用  

The Relationship Between Mindful Parenting and Young Children’s Anxiety:the Mediating Role of Parental Companionship

作　　者：谢雨怡 王小红[1] 钟国龙 王明茜 XIE Yuyi;WANG Xiaohong;ZHONG Guolong;WANG Mingxi(School of Education,China West Normal University,Nanchong,Sichuan 637009,China;Second Kindergarten of Shuangliu District Government,Chengdu,Sichuan 610218,China)

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学教育学院,四川南充637009 [2]成都市双流区机关第二幼儿园,四川成都610218

出　　处：《成都师范学院学报》2024年第5期85-97,共13页Journal of Chengdu Normal University

基　　金：德阳市哲学社会科学重点研究基地家庭教育服务指导研究中心项目(JTJY2024010)。

摘　　要：为探讨正念教养与幼儿焦虑的关系,分析父母陪伴在其中可能发挥的中介效应,以正念教养问卷、Spence学前儿童焦虑量表及父母陪伴状况调查问卷为测量工具,选取912名3~6岁幼儿父母实施调查。调查结果显示,在幼儿性别上,广泛焦虑维度的得分与焦虑总分均存在显著差异;在父母角色上,精神陪伴维度和养育陪伴维度的得分均存在显著差异;在父母学历上,正念教养总分及各维度得分,父母陪伴总分与学习、娱乐、精神陪伴维度的得分,躯体伤害恐惧维度和强迫冲动障碍维度的得分均存在显著差异。正念教养与幼儿焦虑呈负相关关系,但与父母陪伴呈正相关关系;父母陪伴与幼儿焦虑呈负相关关系,但父母陪伴在正念教养与幼儿焦虑间起部分中介作用。据此建议父母应平衡角色、分工合作,关注幼儿性别特征,践行正念教养理念并提供高质量的陪伴来保障幼儿心理健康发展。The study aims to explore the relationship between mindful parenting and anxiety in young children,with an analysis of the potential mediating effect of parental involvement.The study employed the Mindfulness In Parenting Questionnaire,the Spence Preschool Anxiety Scale,and a Parental Companionship Survey as measurement tools.A sample of 912 parents of children aged 3 to 6 years was surveyed.The results showed significant differences in the scores for the general anxiety dimension and the total anxiety score based on the gender of the children.Additionally,significant differences were found in the scores for the dimensions of emotional companionship and nurturing companionship based on the roles of the parents.Furthermore,based on parental education levels,there were significant differences in the total scores for mindful parenting,scores for each dimension of parental companionship,and the scores for the dimensions of learning,recreational,and emotional companionship.Differences were also observed in the dimensions of fear of physical harm and obsessive-compulsive disorder.The study found a negative correlation between mindful parenting and children’s anxiety,while a positive correlation was observed between mindful parenting and parental companionship.Parental companionship was negatively correlated with children’s anxiety,and it played a partial mediating role between mindful parenting and children’s anxiety.Based on these findings,it is recommended that parents balance their roles and collaborate in caregiving,pay attention to gender differences in children,practice mindful parenting,and provide high-quality companionship to support the psychological health of young children.

关 键 词：正念教养 幼儿焦虑 父母陪伴 家庭教育 幼儿教育 

分 类 号：G78[文化科学—教育学] B844[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]