中小学课堂教学时间分配与互动模式研究——基于1008节课堂视频的智能分析  

Study on the time allocation and interaction mode of primary and secondary school classroom teaching:Based on intelligentanalysis of 1008classroomvideos

作　　者：杨晓哲 刘昕 王若昕 YANG Xiaozhe;LIU Xin;WANG Ruoxin(Institute of Curriculum and Instruction,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学课程与教学研究所,上海200062

出　　处：《教育发展研究》2024年第15期59-66,共8页Research in Educational Development

基　　金：国家社会科学基金“十四五”规划2022年度教育学课题一般项目“中小学课堂智能分析的标准建构与应用研究”(BHA220144)的部分成果。

摘　　要：课堂是教学发生的主阵地。以往的研究通常围绕几节或几十节课堂视频进行分析,而本研究采用人工智能技术分析了1008节中小学语文课堂视频,从中实现“微观话语、中观行为、宏观课型”三个层次的智能判定,试图描绘我国中小学课堂的教学现象。研究发现,中小学课堂中教师讲授时间占比51.9%,师生互动时间占比30.5%,个人任务时间占比12.3%,小组活动时间占比5.3%。随着我国课程改革的深入进展,课堂已经较少出现一言堂现象,教师通过讲授与师生互动展开课堂教学。研究发现个人任务与小组活动时间仍极其有限,课堂中学生差异化学习时间不足。此外,不同年级的语文课堂整体样态和课型分布并没有明显差异,但初中课堂的教师讲授时间显著增加。随着年级递增,教师提出开放性问题的频次呈现整体波动递减的现象。本研究借助更大规模的尺度和更精细的编码,进一步解释了中小学课堂的教学现象。The classroom is the main place for teaching.Previous studies typically focused on analyzing a few or dozens of classroom videos,while this study used artificial intelligence technology to analyze 1008 Chinese classroom videos in primary and secondary schools.To achieve intelligent judgment at three levels:micro discourse,meso behavior,and macro lesson type,attempting to depict the teaching phenomenon in primary and secondary school classrooms in China.Research has found that in primary and secondary school classrooms,teacher teaching time accounts for 51.9%,teacher-student interaction time accounts for 30.5%,individual task time accounts for 12.3%,and group activity time accounts for 5.3%.With the deepening progress of curriculum reform,there have been fewer instances of one-on-one discussions in the classroom.Teachers engage in classroom teaching through lectures and interaction with teachers and students.However,research has also found that individual task and group activity time are still extremely limited,and there is insufficient differentiated learning time for students in the classroom.In addition,there is no significant difference in the overall style and lesson type distribution of Chinese classrooms among different grades.But the teaching time of teachers in middle school classrooms has significantly increased.As grades increase,the frequency of teachers raising open-ended questions shows an overall decreasing fluctuation.This study further explains the teaching phenomenon in primary and secondary school classrooms using larger scales and finer coding.

关 键 词：课堂分析 人工智能 中小学课堂 

分 类 号：G632.4[文化科学—教育学] G434