课堂美感经验的寻求:基于观念的教学  

The Search for Aesthetic Experience of Classroom:Ideas-Based Teaching

作　　者：邵朝友 张桂 SHAO Chaoyou;ZHANG Gui(College of Education,Wenzhou University,Wenzhou 325027)

机构地区：[1]温州大学教育学院,温州325027

出　　处：《教育发展研究》2024年第15期67-73,共7页Research in Educational Development

摘　　要：美感经验意指在一个完整学习过程中学生获得具有审美性质的体验;它能启迪诗性智慧、陶冶道德情操、发展核心素养。面对美感经验被遮蔽的问题,基于观念的教学提供了一种可能路径。它包含四个基本特征,即以美感经验为学习结果、以观念激发学习期望、以问题解决为学习方式、以知觉为学习手段。之所以基于观念的教学能促进美感经验的生成,乃因为——观念能引出期望,为美感经验的生成提供认知、情感与行动因素;期望能推动探究,为美感经验的生成提供知觉体验与完满经验;观念能联结学习与生活,为美感经验的生成提供广大的校外空间。实践中,基于观念的教学可采取四种基本策略,即把美感经验纳入教学,把它作为审美类学习结果;选择有意义的教学内容,引发推进探究的观念;以问题解决推动学习进程,兼重知觉感受与理性思维;分享审美经验,引导学生重新观看世界。aesthetic experience(AE)is regarded as student's aesthetic feelings resulted from one wholelearning progress.It can enlighten aesthetic wisdom,cultivate moral character,develop key competencies.Facing the forgottenness problem of AE,Ideas-Based Teaching can provide a possible way to solve,which embodies four characteristics,including making AE as learning outcome;arousing anticipations by ideas;making problem solving as learning methods;making perception as important learning tool.The reason why Ideas-Based Teaching can promote the development of AE is that ideas can trigger anticipations which provide cognitive,emotional and actional elements for AE;anticipations push forward inquiries from which students attain perceptions and full experience;ideas can connect learning and life which can extend experience to outside of school.In practice,Ideas-Based Teaching has four basic teaching strategies:(1)to take in AE into teaching and regard it as aesthetic learning outcome;(2)to select meaningful teaching contents,and arouse ideas for inquiry;(3)to move learning progress as problem solving,and attach equal importance to perception and rationality;(4)to share AE with others,and guide students to re-seeing the world.

关 键 词：美感经验 观念 期望 知觉 探究 基于观念的教学 

分 类 号：G420[文化科学—课程与教学论]