适配体-纳米酶联用检测真菌毒素研究进展  

Research progress in the detection of mycotoxins by the marrige of aptamer-nanozyme

作　　者：朱效东 谢新华[1,2] 贺阳春 张欣豪 王俊豪 陈子悦 张波波 朱鸿帅 ZHU Xiao-Dong;XIE Xin-Hua;HE Yang-Chun;ZHANG Xin-Hao;WANG Jun-Hao;CHEN Zi-Yue;ZHANG Bo-Bo;ZHU Hong-Shuai(College of Food Science and Technology,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Key Laboratory of Staple Grain Processing,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Zhengzhou 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学食品科学技术学院,郑州450002 [2]农业农村部大宗粮食加工重点实验室,郑州450002

出　　处：《食品安全质量检测学报》2024年第17期211-221,共11页Journal of Food Safety and Quality

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(242102111044);中国博士后基金项目(2022M711058);河南省自然科学基金项目(232300420195);河南农业大学高层次人才项目(30501354)。

摘　　要：真菌毒素主要是由真菌产生的有毒次级代谢产物,广泛存在于玉米、小麦、大豆等谷类作物中,可通过食物链在动物或人体内不断蓄积,且微量的真菌毒素即可对人体或动物的肝脏、肾脏等器官构成严重威胁。因此,开发真菌毒素高效便捷的检测技术对食品安全防控具有重要意义。目前,基于适配体特异性识别真菌毒素和仿生纳米酶的信号转换和放大特性,所设计的适配体-纳米酶生物传感器在真菌毒素检测领域有着巨大的潜力。本文介绍了适配体的筛选过程,总结了以适配体为识别元件,纳米酶为转换器用于真菌毒素检测的不同传感策略,以及适配体-纳米酶传感器在真菌毒素检测中的应用,并对适配体-纳米酶生物传感器在真菌毒素检测领域的前景进行展望。旨在为适配体-纳米酶联用检测真菌毒素提供参考,期望对真菌毒素的快速检测的相关研究起到一定的借鉴与启示。Mycotoxins are mainly toxic secondary metabolites produced by fungi and widely exist in cereal crops such as soybeans,corn and sorghum.They can accumulate continuously in animals or humans through the food chain,and trace amounts of mycotoxins can pose a serious threat to human or animal liver,kidney and other organs.Therefore,developing efficient and convenient detection technology for mycotoxins is of great significance for food safety prevention and control.Currently,based on the signal conversion and amplification characteristics of mycotoxins and biomimetic nanozyme specifically recognized by aptamers,the designed aptamer-nanozyme biosensors have great potential in the field of mycotoxin detection.The article introduced the screening process of aptamers,summarized different sensing strategies using aptamers as recognition elements and nanozyme as converters for mycotoxin detection,and the application of aptamer-nanozyme sensors in mycotoxin detection,and prospected the prospects of aptamer-nanozyme biosensors in the field of mycotoxin detection.This aims to provide a reference for the combined use of aptamers and nanozymes in the rapid detection of mycotoxin,aspiring to serve as a guide and inspiration for related research in the field.

关 键 词：适配体 纳米酶 生物传感器 真菌毒素 快速检测 

分 类 号：TS207.5[轻工技术与工程—食品科学] O652[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]