以1例Y染色体结构异常病例为案例的产前诊断技术PBL教学设计  

PBL teaching design of prenatal diagnosis technique based on a case of Y chromosome structural abnormality

作　　者：陈晓杭 罗小金 刘维强 CHEN Xiaohang;LUO Xiaojin;LIU Weiqiang(Genetics Laboratory,Shenzhen Longgang District Maternity&Child Healthcare Hospital/Longgang Maternity and Child Institute of Shantou University Medical College,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518172,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市龙岗区妇幼保健院中心实验室/汕头大学医学院龙岗妇幼临床学院检验教研室,广东深圳518172

出　　处：《中国优生与遗传杂志》2024年第8期1756-1759,共4页Chinese Journal of Birth Health & Heredity

摘　　要：产前诊断是指通过医学影像、细胞遗传和分子遗传等技术手段对胎儿进行先天性缺陷和遗传性疾病的遗传咨询,内容涉及妇产科学、医学遗传学、临床检验诊断学和医学影像学等。近年来随着生育政策的调整,高龄孕产妇明显增多,对于产前诊断服务的需求越来越大,储备具有相应知识背景的产前诊断技术人才势在必行。目前,无论是在妇产科学、检验医学或医学遗传学本科生培养阶段,产前诊断相关知识仅作为了解内容,缺少与实际病例之间的联系。基于问题的学习(PBL)已逐渐成为培养学生自主学习能力的重要组成部分,在医学教育中得到广泛应用。本文设计并分享了1例以Y染色体结构异常病例为核心的PBL教学案例,以期引导学生熟悉产前诊断应用场景,培养学生独立分析和解决问题的能力,为社会输送更多具有相关知识背景及创新性思维的高素质医学人才。Prenatal diagnosis involves a multidisciplinary approach,encompassing genetic consultation about congenital defects and genetic diseases in fetuses.It utilizes a series of techniques including medical imaging,cellular genetics,molecular genetics.This field draws on expertise from obstetrics and gynecology,medical genetics,clinical diagnosis,and medical imaging.Recently,shifts in fertility policies have led to an increase number of older pregnant women,significantly boosting the demand for prenatal diagnostic services.Addressing this demand is paramount,requiring the development of professionals well-versed in prenatal diagnostic techniques.Traditionally,prenatal diagnosis knowledge is covered as theoretical material in undergraduate programs across obstetrics and gynecology,laboratory medicine,and medical genetics,often without linking to practical application or real-world scenarios.However,problem-based learning(PBL)has proven to be an effective educational strategy in medical training,designed to deepen students’understanding of prenatal diagnosis.Through this PBL teaching case,students are encouraged to develop their skills in independent problem analysis and solution formulation.This method aims to prepare a new generation of medical professionals who are not only knowledgeable but also capable of innovative thinking to meet the changing needs of society.

关 键 词：产前诊断 Y染色体结构异常 基于问题的学习 教学设计 

分 类 号：R-4[医药卫生] G642.4[文化科学—高等教育学]