基于焦亚硫酸钠处理的南极磷虾防黑保鲜工艺研究  

Inhibition of Melanosis in Antarctic Krill Based on Sodium Metabisulfite Treatment

作　　者：李琳 赵玲[1] 孙慧慧[1] 刘淇[1] 张朝辉[2] 曹荣[1,3] LI Lin;ZHAO Ling;SUN Huihui;LIU Qi;ZHANG Zhaohui;CAO Rong(Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;College of Food Science and Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266404,China;Marine Drugs and Biological Products Functional Laboratory,Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center,Qingdao 266235,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071 [2]中国海洋大学食品科学与工程学院,山东青岛266404 [3]青岛海洋科技中心海洋药物与生物制品功能实验室,山东青岛266235

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2024年第6期212-219,共8页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：青岛海洋科技中心山东省专项经费(2022QNLM030002-4)资助。

摘　　要：为评价焦亚硫酸钠在南极磷虾(Euphausia superba)黑变控制中的效果并对处理工艺进行优化,本研究检测了南极磷虾经不同浓度的焦亚硫酸钠溶液和浸泡时间处理后二氧化硫(SO_(2))残留量和酚氧化酶(PO)活力变化,并对其在冷藏和冻藏过程中的黑变情况进行了观察分析。结果显示,焦亚硫酸钠处理能够有效抑制南极磷虾PO活性,其中,1 g/L焦亚硫酸钠溶液浸泡300 s和2 g/L焦亚硫酸钠溶液浸泡30 s后,PO相对酶活分别为21.2%和34.5%,同时,虾体内的SO_(2)残留量分别为0.094 g/kg和0.096 g/kg,符合GB 2760中SO_(2)残留量≤0.1 g/kg的限量要求。与对照组相比,焦亚硫酸钠处理延缓了南极磷虾在冷藏和冻藏过程中的黑变进程,且2 g/L焦亚硫酸钠溶液浸泡30 s处理组的防黑效果更好。Antarctic krill(Euphausia superba)is a vital species in the Antarctic ecosystem,boasting substantial reserves and high nutritional value.It has emerged as a significant commercial fishery resource in the Southern Ocean.However,because of its exceptionally high autolytic enzyme activity,it is susceptible to autolysis and blackening during processing,storage,and transportation,resulting in a decline in the sensory quality and nutritional value of raw materials.Shrimp melanosis is caused by a series of enzymatic reactions mediated by phenoloxidase(PO)within the body.PO facilitates the oxidation of phenolic substances,leading to the formation of highly unstable quinone compounds,which further react to produce melanin.The accumulation of melanin significantly affects the appearance of Antarctic krill,thereby reducing its commercial value.On account of their cost-effectiveness and potent anti-blackening effects,sulfites are commonly used as shrimp anti-black agents.Sodium metabisulfite is one of the compounds whose use is allowed for shrimp preservation under GB 2760-2014 regulations.It not only inhibits PO activity,but also reduces quinone compounds to prevent blackening.However,excessive sulfite use can lead to discomfort and health issues such as gastrointestinal problems,liver disturbances,dyspnea,vomiting,diarrhea,and headaches.Therefore,GB 2760-2014 regulations stipulate that the residual SO_(2) content should not exceed 0.1 g/kg.Currently,the use of sodium metabisulfite in production is widespread but lacks standardized requirements,with limited guidance available on how to regulate its usage.Therefore,to assess the impact of sodium metabisulfite on blackening control in Antarctic krill and refine the treatment process,experiments were conducted to measure the changes in SO_(2) residue and PO activity in Antarctic krill subjected to various concentrations of sodium metabisulfite solutions and soaking times.Furthermore,observations and analyses were conducted to monitor the blackening of Antarctic krill during co

关 键 词：南极磷虾 焦亚硫酸钠 黑变 SO_(2)残留量 酚氧化酶 

分 类 号：TS254.4[轻工技术与工程—水产品加工及贮藏工程]