追寻“创造的生活”:劳动的技术本性及其教育意蕴  

Pursue a Creative Life:The Technical Nature and Educational Implication of Labor

作　　者：位涛[1] WEI Tao(College of Education Science,Anhui Normal University)

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学教育科学学院,安徽芜湖241000

出　　处：《教育理论与实践》2024年第25期3-11,共9页Theory and Practice of Education

基　　金：安徽省教育厅哲学社会科学重点研究项目“技术时代劳动教育的实践体系研究——基于马克思技术哲学的视角”(项目编号:2022AH050150)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：关于劳动的教育需要理解劳动的本性。在存在论意义上,劳动的起源、现实形态以及目的指向都意味着其本身蕴含着技术的本性,也即劳动作为关涉人类存在与发展的实践,是人借助各种“技术”的生存与创造性活动。劳动创造性的实现是其技术本性的现实展现。劳动的技术本性要求教育引导一种“创造的生活”,培养个体创造性实践的能力。同时,劳动是人的身体与对象化的现实世界交往与创生的过程。在此过程中,人的感性与理性、个体与群体等关系的实现及协调,有赖于劳动中身体技术与社会技术的合理运用,及其所包含着的集历史性与现实性为一体的实践创造性:劳动的身体技术关涉到教育的起点问题,其目的在于引发合理的“感性”实践,引导人的身体的解放;劳动的社会技术关系到教育的现实展开过程,其目的在于建构合理的社会生产生活秩序,从而实现人的自由全面发展。总之,劳动的技术本性在历史发展性和现实实践性两个维度上指引着人的自我规定、社会物质—文化生产的发展以及教育的展开过程。关于劳动的教育需要引导个体在群体性的历史实践中,通过改造自然与变革社会的统一实现人的创造性生成。Education about labor requires an understanding of the nature of labor.In the sense of ontology,the origin,reality,and purpose of labor all mean that it contains the nature of technology.Labor as a practice concerning the existence and development of human beings,is the survival and creative activity of humans with the help of various“technologies”.The realization of labor creativity is a realistic display of its technical nature.The technical nature of labor requires education to guide a creative life and cultivate the ability of individual creative practice.At the same time,labor is the process of interaction and creation between the human body and the objectified real world.Here,the realization and coordination of the relationship between human sensibility and rationality as well as the relationship between individuals and groups depends on the rational use of physical technology and social technology in labor,and the practical creativity that it contains that integrates history and reality.The physical technology of labor is related to the starting point of education,and its purpose is to induce reasonable“perceptual”practice and guide the liberation of the human body;while the social technology of labor is related to the actual development process of education,and its purpose is to construct a reasonable society order production and life,so as to realize the free and all-round development of people.In short,the technical nature of labor guides people’s self-regulation,the development of social material and cultural production,and the development of education in the two dimensions of historical development and practicality.Education about labor needs to guide individuals to realize the creative generation of people through the unity of transforming nature and changing society in collective historical practice.

关 键 词：劳动的技术本性 创造的生活 劳动教育 身体技术 社会技术 劳动创造性 

分 类 号：G40-015[文化科学—教育学原理]