酶解辅助提取对铁皮石斛多糖结构和菌群调节功能的影响  

Effects of enzyme-assisted extraction on composition and gut microbiota regulation function of Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide

作　　者：张妮 陶文扬 罗梦帆 周万怡 郑晓杰[3] 李彦坡[3] 金火喜 杨颖[2] ZHANG Ni;TAO Wenyang;LUO Mengfan;ZHOU Wanyi;ZHENG Xiaojie;LI Yanpo;JIN Huoxi;YANG Ying(College of Food and Medicine,Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan 316002,Zhejiang,China;Institute of Food Science,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,China;Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology(Wenzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences),Wenzhou 325000,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋大学食品与药学学院,浙江舟山316002 [2]浙江省农业科学院食品科学研究所,浙江杭州310021 [3]温州科技职业学院(温州市农业科学研究院),浙江温州325000

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2024年第9期2099-2109,共11页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：浙江省市级农科院联盟区域示范性项目(2022SJLM06)。

摘　　要：酶解或许会改变多糖分子内某些基团的数量或结构,从而改变其性能。为明确酶解对铁皮石斛多糖结构与功能的影响,本研究选择同一品种石斛鲜茎为原料,分别用中性蛋白酶、麦芽糖淀粉酶、纤维素酶辅助提取,获得同一基质多糖的不同结构形式,分析其结构区别,并利用体外模拟发酵系统研究铁皮石斛多糖菌群调节功能的变化。结果表明,与未酶解样品相比,中性蛋白酶辅助提取可以增加多糖的聚合度,而纤维素酶、麦芽糖淀粉酶介入则可以显著降低多糖聚合度并改变单糖组成;中性蛋白酶组的CH_(4)与H_(2)S生成量显著增加,纤维素酶组的丁酸与戊酸产量显著增加。多糖能改善肠道菌群的组成,其中纤维素酶组改变程度较大,双歧杆菌属、乳杆菌属、粪杆菌属、罗氏菌属等肠道基石菌与有益菌的种类与相对丰度显著增加,戴阿利斯特杆菌属、多尔氏菌属等条件致病菌的丰度显著下降,与丁酸、戊酸显著正相关的9个菌属在该组富集了8个(巨球型菌属、链球菌属、双歧杆菌属、欧陆森氏菌属、罗氏菌属、魏斯氏菌属、乳杆菌属、普拉梭菌属)。酶辅助提取可以改变石斛多糖的结构,并改变其菌群调节功能,该研究为不同功效多糖的定向生产提供了参考。Enzymatic hydrolysis may alter the number or structure of certain groups within the polysaccharide molecule,thus altering its properties.To determine the effect of enzymatic hydrolysis on the structure and function of Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide,this study selected the same species of D.officinale fresh stems as raw materials,and obtained different structures of the same matrix polysaccharide through neutral protease,maltose amylase,and cellulase-assisted extraction.Then,analyzing structural differences between them,and studying their various regulatory functions to intestinal flora using an in vitro simulated fermentation system.The results showed that compared with unenzymatically hydrolyzed samples,neutral protease-assisted extraction increased the degree of polymerization of polysaccharides,while the intervention of cellulase and maltose amylase significantly reduced the degree of polysaccharide polymerization and changed their monosaccharide composition.The production of CH_(4)and H_(2)S in the neutral protease-treated group increased significantly,while the production of butyric acid and valeric acid in the cellulase-treated group increased significantly.Polysaccharides improved the composition of intestinal flora,especially the cellulase-treated group.The types and relative abundance of intestinal cornerstone bacteria as well as beneficial bacteria,such as Bifidobacterium,Lactobacillus,Faecalibacterium and Roseburia,increased significantly,while the relative abundance of opportunistic pathogenic bacteria,such as Dialister and Dorea,decreased significantly.There were nine bacterial genera that were significantly positively correlated with butyric acid and valeric acid levels,and eight of them were enriched in the cellulase-treated group.Enzymatic hydrolysis-assisted extraction changes the structure of D.officinale polysaccharides,thereby changing its regulatory functions to intestinal flora.This study provides a reference for the targeted production of polysaccharides with different functions.

关 键 词：铁皮石斛 多糖 酶解 肠道菌群 体外发酵 

分 类 号：R285[医药卫生—中药学]