基于“语境”意识的医学汉英翻译“遣词”能力培养  

Cultivation of students'diction ability in medical Chinese-English translation based on contextual awareness

作　　者：贺晨 HE Chen(English Department,Gannan Medical University,Ganzhou,Jiangxi 341000)

机构地区：[1]赣南医科大学英语教研室,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《赣南医科大学学报》2024年第9期973-976,共4页JOURNAL OF GANNAN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

基　　金：江西省高等学校教学改革研究重点课题(JXJG-22-13-8);赣南医学院校级教学改革重点课题(Jgkt-2022-08)。

摘　　要：语境是翻译过程中遣词造句的重要依据。为探讨学生的语境意识对其翻译“遣词”的具体影响和表现,以一本层次的数个医学专业班级为研究对象,开展了一个学期的基于语境的医学汉英翻译“遣词”教学。研究根据学生自建的医学汉英双语平行语料库及“遣词”分析过程,采用分层抽样调查法获取双语词条样本,解析并归纳了5种类型的“遣词”模式,按照它们与语境关联的程度由低到高排列,分别为约定搭配、对应式、同句中的“一词多译”、多样化遣词和译词灵活性。通过基于语境的“遣词”训练,学生对汉英词汇的语义关系、辨析对比方法以及词汇翻译背后反映的汉英思维方式差异有了更深入的了解,审视词汇的视角变得更为严谨,更具语境的全局观、整体观和联系观。此外,教学过程中需特别注意原有英语词汇基础薄弱的学生,予以匹配不同难度的“遣词”练习,以最大化提升教学效果。Context is an important basis for wording and phrasing.In order to explore the specific influence of students'contextual awareness on their choice of words and its manifestations,a context-based medical C-E translation teaching of"diction"was conducted for a whole semester with several medical key specialty classes.Based on the students'self-built C-E bilingual medical parallel corpus and their explanation of"diction",the study adopts stratified sampling to obtain samples of bilingual lexical items to analyze,and concludes five patterns of"diction",namely,conventional collocations,word correspondence,"multiple translations for a word"within the same sentence,diversified wording and the flexibility of word translation,to be arranged in descending order of their relevance to the context.Through context-based"diction"training,students gain a further insight into the semantic relationship between Chinese and English words,the methods of analyzing and comparing words as well as the differences in Chinese and English ways of thinking reflected by word translation.It is also observed that students become more rigorous in examining words and tend to develop a more macro,integral and interconnected view associated with context.In addition,special attention should be paid to the students with a weak foundation in English vocabulary during the teaching process to match them with corresponding level of"diction"exercises to maximize the teaching effect.

关 键 词：语境 遣词 汉词英译 医学翻译 翻译教学 

分 类 号：H315.9[语言文字—英语]