油茶籽功能性成分的提取、鉴定及其活性评价  

Extraction,Identification and Activity Evaluation of Functional Components of Camellia oleifera Seeds

作　　者：文卓 黄永春[1,2,3] 唐湘毅 WEN Zhuo;HUANG Yong-chun;TANG Xiang-yi(College of Biological and Chemical Engineering,Guangxi University of Science and Technology,Liuzhou 545006,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Processing of Sugar Resources,Liuzhou 545006,China;Guangxi Liuzhou Luosifen Engineering Technology Research Center,Liuzhou 545006,China;School of Food Science and Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]广西科技大学生物与化学工程学院,广西柳州545006 [2]广西糖资源绿色加工重点实验室,广西柳州545006 [3]广西柳州市螺蛳粉工程技术研究中心,广西柳州545006 [4]华南理工大学食品科学与工程学院,广州510640

出　　处：《中国调味品》2024年第11期21-29,共9页China Condiment

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金项目(2023MD734187);广西科技基地和人才专项科学基金项目(2021AC19460)。

摘　　要：油茶籽广泛种植于我国南方地区,是食用植物油的重要原料。为了探明其有效成分,文章首先通过气相色谱-质谱法对其挥发性成分进行分析。其中,顺-十八碳烯酸、n-十六酸、7-丁基苯并[a]蒽等成分的含量较高,并发现生育酚、角鲨烯等活性成分。随后采用超声强化溶剂提取法对油茶籽中的功能性因子进行提取,并探究了超声温度、pH、乙醇浓度、料液比对活性成分提取率的影响。4个因素对酚类物质提取率的影响次序为pH>超声温度>乙醇浓度>料液比,且超声温度和乙醇浓度的交互作用最强。通过响应面优化后,得到总酚的最佳提取工艺条件为超声温度45℃、乙醇浓度40%、料液比1∶10、pH 4。抗氧化活性实验结果表明,其半抑制浓度IC_(50)为39.72 mg/mL,其在抗炎、抗肿瘤领域的功效值得进一步研究。Camellia oleifera seeds are widely planted in southern China and they are important raw materials for edible vegetable oils.In order to find out the active components,the volatile components are analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.Among them,the content of cis-vaccenic acid,n-hexadecanoic acid and 7-butylbenz[a]anthracene is higher,and active components such as tocopherol and squalene are found.The functional factors in Camellia oleifera seeds are extracted by ultrasonic enhanced solvent extraction method,and the effects of ultrasonic temperature,pH,ethanol concentration and solid-liquid ratio on the extraction rate of active components are investigated.The four factors affect the extraction rate of phenolic substances in the order of pH>ultrasonic temperature>ethanol concentration>solid-liquid ratio,and the interaction effect between ultrasonic temperature and ethanol concentration is the strongest.The optimal extraction conditions of total phenols are as follows:the ultrasonic temperature is 45℃,the ethanol concentration is 40%,the solid-liquid ratio is 1∶10 and the pH is 4.The experimental results of antioxidant activity show that the semi-inhibitory concentration IC_(50)is 39.72 mg/mL,and their efficacy in anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor fields is worthy of further study.

关 键 词：油茶籽 索氏提取 超声强化 挥发性成分 气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS) 

分 类 号：TS222.1[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]