从交互到共生:智慧教育生态系统中人机关系重构的逻辑进路  

From Interaction to Symbiosis:the Logical Approach of Human-Computer Relationship Reconstruction in Intelligent Education Ecosystem

作　　者：周琴[1] 黄静[1] ZHOU Qin;HUANG Jing(College of Teacher Education,Southwest University,Chongqing,400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学教师教育学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《教育与教学研究》2024年第11期12-23,共12页Education and Teaching Research

基　　金：重庆市教育科学“十四五”规划教学研究专项重点课题“‘AI+教师’协同教学的循证实践研究”(编号:K24ZG2020061);西南大学教育教学改革研究项目“基于循证实践的师范生在线学习探究式周期模型设计与应用”(编号:2023JY010)。

摘　　要：人工智能与教育教学的深度融合必将推动教育生态的整体性变革。随着智能技术的迭代升级,智慧教育生态系统中的人机关系逐渐从人机交互的初级形态走向人机协同、人机融合,最终实现人机共生的终极愿景。教育领域的新一代自然式人机交互,以智能机器为中介形成“物理-信息对偶空间”,并根据人与智能机器默契程度的不同从低到高分为基于有声语言的交互、基于肢体信号的交互和基于意念感知的交互。在智慧教育人机协同形态中,智能机器晋升成为认知主体,充当“代具”弥补人类的“缺陷存在”从而共同完成复杂的任务,具体可分为计算智能型协同、感知智能型协同、认知智能型协同以及社会智能型协同。在人机融合形态下,人、机器和环境系统相互作用而产生新型群体智能系统,人机关系呈现具身智能等特征。人机共生作为人机关系发展的终极形态,无论是物理形式抑或是逻辑形式的共生,师生与人工智能“宛如同类”相互依存,秉持互利原则不断优化和进步,追求教育育人价值最大化。The deep integration of artificial intelligence and education and teaching will certainly promote the overall reform of educational ecology.With the iterative upgrading of intelligent technology,the human-computer relationship in the intelligent education ecosystem gradually moves from the primary form of human-computer interaction to human-com-puter collaboration and fusion,and finally realizes the ultimate vision of human-computer symbiosis.The new generation of natural human-computer interaction in the field of education uses intelligent machines as the intermediary to form a"phys-ics-information dual space",and according to the different tacit understanding between people and intelligent machines,it is divided into interaction based on spoken language,interaction based on body signals,and interaction based on idea per-ception from low to high.In the form of human-computer collaboration in intlligent education,intlligent machines are promoted to become cognitive subjects,acting as"substitutes"to make up for the"defective existence"of human beings so as to jointly complete complex tasks,which can be divided into computational intelligent collaboration,perceptual intelli-gent collaboration,cognitive intelligent collaboration and social intelligent collaboration.In the form of human-computer fusion,the interaction of human,computer and environment system produces a new type of swarm intelligence system,and the human-computer relationship presents the characteristics of embodied intelligence.Human-computer symbiosis is the ultimate form of the development of human-computer relationship.Whether it is in physical form or logical form,teachers and students and artificial intelligence are interdependent"like the same kind",adhering to the principle of mutual bene-fit,constantly optimizing and making progress,and pursuing the maximization of educational value of education.

关 键 词：智慧教育 人机交互 人机协同 人机融合 人机共生 

分 类 号：G434[文化科学—教育学]