职业教育高质量发展的“中国道路”:内在逻辑与战略选择  

The“Chinese Road”of High-Quality Development of Vocational Education:Intrinsic Logic and Strategic Choices

作　　者：朱德全 曹渡帆 Zhu Dequan;Cao Dufan(Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学教育学部/西南民族教育与心理研究中心,重庆400715

出　　处：《河南师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第6期135-143,共9页Journal of Henan Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目(22JZD046)。

摘　　要：中国充分把握住了世界职业教育变革发展的新机遇,走出了一条具有中国特色的职业教育高质量发展道路。中国职业教育的改革发展分别经历了模仿借鉴阶段、自主探索阶段、超常规发展阶段和高质量发展阶段。在中国职业教育高质量发展期,职业教育的改革实践分别指向人才高质量培养、体系高质量建设和科技高质量供给,并呈现四大特色表征:一是走出一条从模仿借鉴到本土化改造再到自主创新的道路;二是充分把握了新一轮科技革命和产业变革新机遇;三是回应外部发展需求的价值取向明显;四是有强大的资源集聚效能与社会组织能力。究其根本,超大规模的就业市场与多样化的就业需求是中国职业教育高质量发展的动力来源,而有效的制度供给是中国职业教育高质量发展的赶超机制,两者共同作用构成了中国职业教育高质量发展的内在逻辑。为继续推动职业教育高质量发展走深走远,要以体系战略、融合战略、统筹战略、园区战略和招生战略为抓手,构筑“纵横立交”的现代职业教育体系、建立“四维融合”职业教育联动系统、创设“三教三融”的职业教育协同路径、打造“抱团发展”的职业教育合作园区,以及探索“差异混编”的职业教育招生制度。China has fully seized the new opportunities of global vocational education reform and development,and has embarked on a path of high-quality development of vocational education with Chinese characteristics.The reform and development of vocational education in China have gone through stages of imitation and reference,independent exploration,unconventional development,and high-quality development.In the period of high-quality development of vocational education in China,the reform practice of vocational education points to high-quality talent cultivation,high-quality system construction,and high-quality supply of science and technology,and presents four major characteristics:firstly,to walk out a path from imitation and reference to localization transformation and then to independent innovation;secondly,we have fully grasped the new opportunities of the new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation;thirdly,there is a clear value orientation in responding to external development needs;the fourth is to have strong resource aggregation efficiency and social organization ability.Fundamentally,the super large-scale employment market and diverse employment demand are the driving forces for the high-quality development of vocational education in China,while effective institutional supply is the catching up mechanism for the high-quality development of vocational education in China.The combined effect of the two constitutes the internal logic of the high-quality development of vocational education in China.To continue promoting the high-quality development of vocational education,we need to take system strategy,integration strategy,overall planning strategy,park strategy,and enrollment strategy as the starting point,build a modern vocational education system with“vertical and horizontal interchanges”,establish a“four-dimensional integration”vocational education linkage system,create a“three education and three integration”vocational education collaborative path,create a“group developmen

关 键 词：职业教育 高质量发展 中国职业教育 就业市场 制度供给 

分 类 号：G719.21[文化科学—职业技术教育学]