索萨德性可靠论中的理智德性  

Intellectual Virtue in SOSA'S Reliabilism

作　　者：雷璐 LEI Lu(Department of Philosophy,Shanghai University of Finance and Economics,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]上海财经大学哲学系,上海200433

出　　处：《上饶师范学院学报》2024年第4期56-63,共8页Journal of Shangrao Normal University

基　　金：上海市哲学社会科学规划项目(2021BZX007)。

摘　　要：德性可靠论中的理智德性主要指直觉、知觉、内省、记忆等认知能力,比起德性责任论中作为认知品格的理智德性,作为认知能力的理智德性更难把握。全面理解索萨的“理智德性”概念,需要从背景、定义、功能、目的和价值等维度对其进行分析。索萨提出“理智德性”的目的在于解决信念的确证问题。确证的随附性是理智德性能够作为可靠来源的关键,理智德性的内在可靠性是德性可靠论的立论基础。理智德性的可靠性与环境密不可分,这是索萨解决新恶魔问题和提出“适切”概念的前提。德性视角主义强调认知主体与环境的配合,通过理智德性获得信念的确证与适切。索萨的“理智德性”理论不仅为解决传统知识论困境提供了新思路,也深化了我们对认知过程的理解。In virtue reliabilism,intellectual virtues mainly refer to cognitive abilities such as intuition,perception,introspection,and memory.Compared to intellectual virtues as cognitive character traits in virtue responsibilism,intellectual virtues as cognitive abilities are more challenging to grasp.To comprehensively understand Sosa's concept of"intellectual virtue",we need to analyze it from different dimensions such as its background,definition,function,purpose,and value.Sosa's purpose in proposing the concept of"intellectual virtue"is to solve the justification problem of belief.The"supervenience"of justification is the key for intellectual virtues to act as a reliable source,and the intrinsic reliability of intellectual virtues is the theoretical foundation of virtue reliabilism.The reliability of intellectual virtues is inseparable from the environment,which is the premise for Sosa's solution to the New Evil Demon Problem and his proposal of the concept of"aptness".Virtue perspectivism emphasizes the coordination between the cognitive agent and the environment,achieving justification and aptness of beliefs through intellectual virtues.Sosa's theory of"intellectual virtue"not only provides new approaches for resolving the traditional epistemological dilemmas but also deepens our understanding of the cognitive processes.

关 键 词：索萨 理智德性 随附性 德性可靠论 德性视角主义 

分 类 号：B712.59[哲学宗教—外国哲学]