听障儿童抑制控制和认知灵活性特征分析  

Characteristic analysis of inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility in hearing-impaired children

作　　者：徐文明[1] 余绮琳 饶珊绮 曾梅平 罗苏梅[1] Xu Wenming;Yu Qilin;Rao Shanqi;Zeng Meiping;Luo Sumei(Psychological Consultation Center,Jiaying University,Meizhou 514015,China;Department of Social Work,School of Political Science and Law,Jiaying University,Meizhou 514015,China;'Meizhou Special Education School,Meizhou 514010,China)

机构地区：[1]嘉应学院心理咨询中心,梅州514015 [2]嘉应学院社会工作系,梅州514015 [3]梅州市特殊教育学校,梅州514010

出　　处：《中华行为医学与脑科学杂志》2024年第10期890-894,共5页Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science

基　　金：广东省科技创新战略专项资金立项项目(pdjh2024b353);嘉应学院基础教育课题(JCJY20242016)。

摘　　要：目的分析听障儿童抑制控制和认知灵活性特征。方法于2023年3—4月采用方便抽样的方式, 选取广东省梅州市特殊教育学校33名听障儿童和2所普通学校的35名健听儿童为被试。分别使用侧抑制控制和注意任务(Flanker)、维度变化卡片分类任务(dimensional change card sorting, DCCS)评估两组儿童的抑制控制能力和认知灵活性。使用SPSS 26.00进行统计分析, 采用独立样本t检验比较两组被试在反应时和正确率上的差异。结果听障儿童在Flanker任务上的反应时[(558.39±123.65) ms]、正确率(0.93±0.10)与健听儿童[反应时:(566.11±118.20)ms, 正确率:(0.96±0.04)]相比均差异无统计学意义(t=-0.295, -1.645, 均P>0.05);听障儿童在DCCS任务上的反应时[(1 019.60±131.08) ms]显著长于健听儿童[(857.85±129.19) ms](t=4.046, P=0.001), 而听障儿童的正确率(0.62±0.16)与健听儿童(0.57±0.15)相比差异无统计学意义(t=-1.602, P>0.05)。结论听障儿童在抑制控制能力上与健听儿童无差异, 但在认知灵活性上存在滞后。Objective:To analyze the characteristics of inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility in hearing-impaired children.Methods:From March to April 2023,a convenience sampling method was used to select 33 hearing-impaired children from a special education school in Meizhou City,Guangdong Province,and 35 normal-hearing children from two ordinary schools as participants.Inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility of the participants were assessed by the Flanker task and the dimensional change card sorting(DCCS)task.Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 26.0 software,and independent sample t-test was used to compare the differences in reaction time and accuracy rate between two groups of participants.Results:There were no significant differences in the Flanker task reaction time((558.39±123.65)ms vs(566.11±118.20)ms)and accuracy rate((0.93±0.10)vs(0.96±0.04))between hearing-impaired children and normal-hearing children(t=-0.295,-1.645,both P>0.05).The hearing-impaired children had significantly longer reaction time((1019.60±131.08)ms)than the normal-hearing children((857.85±129.19)ms)(t=4.046,P=0.001)in the DCCS task,while there was no statistically significant difference in the accuracy rate between hearing-impaired children(0.62±0.16)and normal-hearing children(0.57±0.15)(t=-1.602,P>0.05).Conclusion:There is no difference in inhibitory control ability between hearing-impaired children and normal-hearing children,but the hearing-impaired children have a lag in cognitive flexibility.

关 键 词：听障儿童 认知功能 抑制控制 认知灵活性 

分 类 号：B844.1[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学] R764[哲学宗教—心理学]