水蒸气蒸馏脱酸对茶叶籽油功能性伴随物的影响  

Effect of steam deacidification on functional concomitants of green tea seed oil

作　　者：董大鹏[1] 宋其斌 支艺明 黄进宝[2,3] DONG Dapeng;SONG Qibin;ZHI Yiming;HUANG Jinbao(School of Biological and Chemical Engineering,Yangzhou Polytechnic College,Yangzhou 225009;School of Tea&Food Science and Technology,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036;Joint Research Center for Food Nutrition and Health of IHM,Hefei 230036)

机构地区：[1]扬州市职业大学生物与化工工程学院,扬州225009 [2]安徽农业大学茶与食品科技学院,合肥230036 [3]大健康研究院食品营养健康联合研究中心,合肥230036

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2024年第5期881-887,共7页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：大健康研究院食品营养健康联合研究中心专项(2023SJY02);安徽省自然科学基金项目(2108085MC119)资助。

摘　　要：为了提高茶叶籽精炼油中多酚、生育酚和角鲨烯等多种功能性伴随物的保留率,首先考察了化学精炼工艺对该油脂生物活性物质的影响,进一步优化了水蒸气蒸馏脱酸条件,以减少精炼过程中功能性物质的损失。研究结果表明,传统化学精炼工艺对茶叶籽油功能性伴随物影响最大的工序为碱炼脱酸,该工序中总多酚、生育酚和角鲨烯的含量较脱胶步骤分别显著下降了37.98%、32.50%和24.11%。水蒸气蒸馏脱酸优化条件为蒸馏温度120℃,蒸馏时间90 min。经优化后,各功能性伴随物的保留率均有明显提高,总多酚、角鲨烯和生育酚的保留率分别达到62.04%、85.35%和82.30%。项目研究成果可为高品质茶叶籽油的规模化生产工艺的提升提供理论依据。To increase the retention rate of bioactive compounds such as polyphenols,tocopherols,and squalene in refined green tea seed oil,this study first investigated the effect of the chemical refining process on these compounds,and then optimized the steam deacidification parameters to minimize their losses during refining.The results showed that the process of alkali refining deacidification had the greatest impact on the functional concomitants of green tea seed oil.Specifically,the contents of total polyphenols,tocopherols,and squalene were reduced by 37.98%,32.50%and 24.11%,respectively,when compared to the degumming step.The optimal conditions for steam deacidification were found to be the distillation temperature of 120℃ and the distillation time of 90 min.The optimized process of steam deacidification significantly increased the retention rates of functional concomitants in green tea seed oil.Specifically,the retention rates of total polyphenols,squalene and tocopherol were 62.04%,85.35%and 82.30%,correspondingly.These research results provide a theoretical basis for improving the large-scale production process of high-quality green tea seed oil.

关 键 词：木本食用油 油脂精炼 物理脱酸 生物活性物质 保留率 

分 类 号：TS222.1[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]