汉语发展性阅读障碍儿童的形音整合能力:字形和字音的相互影响  

Orthography-phonology integration of Chinese children with developmental dyslexia: The mutual influence of orthography and phonology

作　　者：刘梦连 杨滢晖 赵一帆 毕鸿燕[1,2] LIU Menglian;YANG Yinghui;ZHAO Yifan;BI Hongyan(CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science 2Center for Brain Science and Learning Difficulties,Beijing 100101,China;Department of Psychology,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Department of Humanities and Management,Hebei University of Chinese Medicine,Shijiazhuang 050200,China;College of Health Management,Shanghai Jian Qiao University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院行为科学重点实验室,中国科学院心理研究所脑科学与学习困难研究中心,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学心理学系,北京100049 [3]河北中医药大学人文管理系,石家庄050200 [4]上海建桥学院健康管理学院,上海201306

出　　处：《心理学报》2024年第12期1751-1760,共10页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(32371119);国家语委“十四五”科研规划2023年度重点项目(ZDI145-83)。

摘　　要：目的是探查汉语发展性阅读障碍者在形音整合过程中,字形和字音的相互影响是否存在异常。实验1以30名汉语发展性阅读障碍儿童,29名同年龄对照组儿童为被试,使用视听跨通道的字形判断任务,结果发现一致语音对字形加工表现出显著的促进作用,语音对字形加工的影响不存在显著的组间差异。实验2以32名汉语发展性阅读障碍儿童,32名同年龄对照组儿童为被试,使用视听跨通道的语音判断任务,结果发现一致字形对语音加工表现出显著的促进作用,不一致字形对语音加工表现出显著的抑制作用。同年龄对照组字形对语音加工的影响显著大于发展性阅读障碍组。以上的结果说明,汉语发展性阅读障碍儿童在形−音整合中字形对语音加工的影响上存在异常,但语音对字形加工的影响不存在异常。Previous studies have revealed that individuals with developmental dyslexia(DD)experienced an orthography-phonology integration deficit.Using functional magnetic resonance imaging,researchers have observed hypoactivation in the superior temporal area when individuals with DD performed an orthography-phonology integration task.Additionally,individuals with DD exhibited a delayed and reduced mismatch negative wave in an audiovisual oddball paradigm when using event-related potentials.However,some studies have found no significant differences between normal readers and DD readers when making decisions about a phoneme preceded by a grapheme.These controversial results may be attributed to the varying manifestations of the mutual influence between orthography and phonology during orthography-phonology integration in DD.Nevertheless,there is a lack of comprehensive research on this topic.The present study aims to explore the mutual influences between orthography and phonology during orthography-phonology integration in Chinese children with DD.Two experiments were designed to separately investigate the mutual influence between orthography and phonology during orthography-phonology integration in individuals with DD.In Experiment 1,we explored the influence of phonology on orthographic processing.30 children with DD and 29 age-matched(CA)children participated in Experiment 1.Participants were asked to decide whether a grapheme was real or one invented for the purposes of this study.Each grapheme was accompanied by the presentation of a phoneme,which was either congruent or incongruent with the grapheme.This experiment also included a baseline condition in which only a grapheme was presented.In Experiment 2,we examined the influence of orthography on phonological processing.32 children with DD and 32 CA children participated in Experiment 2.Participants were asked to decide whether a phoneme was real or invented.Each phoneme was presented with either a congruent or incongruent grapheme.This experiment also included a bas

关 键 词：发展性阅读障碍 视听整合 字形 字音 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学] B844[哲学宗教—心理学]