超越技治主义:面向教育强国建设的高校教师评价制度改革  

Beyond Technocracy: Reforming the University Faculty Evaluation System towards Building a Powerful Country in Education

作　　者：刘艳红 Liu Yanhong

机构地区：[1]吉林警察学院治安系,长春130123

出　　处：《江苏高教》2024年第11期61-68,共8页Jiangsu Higher Education

基　　金：2021年度教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“‘破五唯’:高校学术评价改革的实践与制度优化研究”(21YJA880053);吉林省教育厅重点课题“吉林省高校毕业生选择省内就业的影响因素与政策优化研究”(JJKH20241197SK);吉林省高等教育学会重点课题“高校学术评价改革的进展测度、动力机制与推进路径研究——以吉林省为例”(JGJX2023C117)。

摘　　要：教育评价改革对教育强国建设具有先导性作用,也是教育强国建设之路上一块难啃的“硬骨头”。高校教师评价制度改革是教育评价改革的关键,而技治主义是当前我国高校教师评价制度的关键病灶。“技治化”评价的危害包括:追求标准化、可测量的评价导向容易引发形式主义;具有片面性,会导致指标陷阱和诱发功利主义,最终背离“质量为本”的原则;使公共利益与公共价值面临被悬置的危险,不利于“四个面向”。高校教师评价制度中技治主义的生成逻辑包括政府与高校的效率崇拜内在地需要实证主义方法的支撑;以集权式的体制管理世界超大规模的高等教育必然依赖标准化工具;信息工具的空前发展为技治主义提供了现实可行性。面向教育强国的建设目标,需要对高校教师评价制度进行全面改革。具体方略包括摒弃“效率崇拜”理念,尊重高等教育系统的自发性与无序性;在落实省级政府高等教育统筹权的前提下,推进高校分类管理与分类评价,严格控制基于统一标准的大规模教育评价;对高校教师劳动实行模糊评价,同步改进教师薪酬与激励制度。Education evaluation reform plays a leading role in building a powerful country in education, and it is also a "tough nut" to crack on the road of building a powerful country in education. The reform of university faculty evaluation system is the key to the reform of education evaluation, and technocracy is a major problem in the current university faculty evaluation system in China. The harm of technocratic evaluation can be summarized as follows: Its standardized and measurable evaluation orientation leads to formalism;its one-sidedness leads to indicator trap and induce utilitarianism, and ultimately deviating from the principle of "quality-oriented";it puts public interests and public values at the risk of being suspended, which is not conducive to the "four orientations". The logics for the generation of technocracy in the university faculty evaluation system include that the worship of efficiency by government and universities inherently requires the support of positivist methods;that using a centralized system to manage the world's super-large-scale higher education inevitably relies on standardized tools;and that the unprecedented development of information tools has provided feasibility for technocracy. Facing the goal of building a powerful country in education, it is necessary to carry out a comprehensive reform of the university faculty evaluation system. Specific strategies include abandoning the concept of "efficiency worship" and respecting the spontaneity and disorder of the higher education system;promoting classified management and classified evaluation of colleges and universities, and strictly controlling large-scale education evaluation based on unified standards on the premise of implementing the provincial government's power to coordinate higher education;implementing fuzzy evaluation of the work of university faculty, and simultaneously improving the faculty salary and incentive system.

关 键 词：教育强国 教育评价改革 高校教师评价 技治主义 

分 类 号：G647[文化科学—高等教育学]