在庙堂与江湖之间:政治联系如何影响中国家族企业代际传承  

Bridging State and Business:How Political Connections Affect Intergenerational Succession of Family Enterprises in China

作　　者：黄杰 杨景朝 HUANG Jie;YANG Jingzhao(School of Government,Nanjing University)

机构地区：[1]南京大学政府管理学院

出　　处：《公共管理评论》2024年第3期198-221,共24页China Public Administration Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“新型政商关系视野下‘民企二代’统战问题研究”(项目批准号:19CZZ006)的资助。

摘　　要：随着改革开放后创业一代企业家逐步接近退休年龄,我国民营经济进入了代际传承的高峰期,大量家族企业面临代际传承的挑战。本文基于对我国私营企业调查数据的分析,试图检验企业主政治联系对其传承意愿的影响。研究发现,在国家主导的政经环境下,政治联系作为企业与政府间的重要纽带是企业传承过程中的关键影响因素。它不仅显著改善企业主的地位感知和安全感知,也助力企业获得战略性的经济资源,进而提高企业主传承的意愿。作为一种补偿性机制,政治联系的代际传承促进效应在企业主家族观念较弱、外部市场化程度较低的环境中更强。本文的发现拓展了我国家族企业代际传承的内涵,加深了对中国政商关系本质的理解,为未来更有效地引导家族企业代际传承提供了有益的启示。With the first generation of private entrepreneurs since the policy of reform and opening gradually approaching the age of retirement,Chinas private economy has entered the peak of intergenerational succession,and many family enterprises are facing the challenge of intergenerational succession.With its focus on the personal characteristics of business owners and the economic conditions of family businesses,the existing literature has generally overlooked the potential influence of government factors on business succession.However,in Chinas political-economic environment whereby government controls many critical resources,almost all business activities are influenced by government factors.Therefore,this article examines whether and how the political connections of enterprises affect intergenerational transfers.Drawing upon nationwide survey data(CPES-2016),this article finds that political connections,measured by business ownersmembership on Peoples Congresses(PC)and Peoples Political Consultative Conferences(PPCC),play a significant role in the process of business succession.Specifically,in Chinas state-dominated political-economic environment,political connections,an important bond between family business and the state,are a key factor affecting business ownerssuccession decisions.Political connections not only significantly improve the social status and security perceptions of business owners but also help enterprises obtain strategic economic resources,thereby increasing the willingness of business owners to transfer family enterprises to the next generation.Meanwhile,as a compensatory mechanism,political connections have a stronger effect on intergenerational succession when entrepreneurs have weaker family values and the external market is not regulated.This article has several theoretical and practical implications.First,the article highlights the importance of non-material capital,especially political capital,in business succession.That is,intergenerational successions of family businesses are not only abo

关 键 词：政治联系 家族企业 代际传承 政商关系 

分 类 号：F276.5[经济管理—企业管理] D630[经济管理—国民经济]