提取方法对黄精渣水不溶性膳食纤维结构和功能特性的影响  

Effects of Extraction Methods on Structural and Functional Properties of Water-insoluble Dietary Fiber from Polygonatum sibiricum Residue

作　　者：王鑫 课净璇 王亚斌 孙静 刘菡 万鹏 马艳莉 陈志周[1] WANG Xin;KE Jingxuan;WANG Yabin;SUN Jing;LIU Han;WAN Peng;MA Yanli;CHEN Zhizhou(College of Food Science and Technology,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China;Zhang Zhongjing College of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy,Nanyang Institute of Technology,Nanyang 473000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学食品科技学院,河北保定071000 [2]南阳理工学院张仲景国医国药学院,河南南阳473000

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2024年第24期187-195,共9页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32101960);河南省张仲景方药与免疫调剂重点实验室开放课题(KFKT20221002);河南省高等学校重点科研项目计划(23A550014);河南省高等学校青年骨干教师培养计划项目(2020GGJS226);南阳市协同创新重大专项(21XTCX12005);南阳理工学院交叉科学研究项目(23NGJY011);南阳市科技发展计划(23KJGG298)。

摘　　要：以黄精渣为原料,探究不同提取方法对黄精渣水不溶性膳食纤维(IDF)理化性质和功能特性的影响。采用复合酶法(CE)、超声辅助复酶法(UCE)和酶碱法(CEA)提取IDF,并考察三种IDF的组成、理化特性、葡萄糖吸附能力、阳离子交换能力和DPPH自由基清除能力等功能特性。结果表明,超声辅助复酶法得率最高(84.68%)。三种黄精渣IDF纯度均较高,主要由纤维素、半纤维素和木质素组成,其中UCE-IDF纯度高达82.24%。UCE-IDF持水力(4.74±0.66)g/g、持油力(3.84±0.29)g/g和结合水力(3.29±0.09)g/g最优,总酚含量(7.77±0.07)mg/g最高,阳离子交换能力(0.40±0.003)mmol/g最佳,抗氧化能力最佳。CEA-IDF的膨胀力(5.33±0.11)mL/g和总黄酮含量(1.88±0.03)mg/g最高。CE-IDF的葡萄糖吸附能力(19326.67±41.63)μmol/g最佳。理化表征显示,UCE-IDF结构更加不规则且具有更高的热稳定性。红外光谱显示三种黄精渣IDF均具有纤维素类特征吸收峰。X射线结果显示三种黄精渣IDF呈纤维素I晶型。综上,三种IDF的理化和功能特性之间存在差异,UCE-IDF在持水、持油等多项理化特性中具有明显优势,且热稳定性和抗氧化活性最佳。CEA-IDF的总黄酮含量最高且膨胀力最佳。CE-IDF的葡萄糖吸附能力最佳,本实验结果可为黄精渣IDF在食品加工中的应用提供理论参考。The effects of different extraction methods on the physical and chemical properties and functional characteristics of insoluble dietary fiber(IDF)from Polygonatum sibiricum residue were investigated.The complex enzyme method(CE),ultrasonic-assisted complex enzyme method(UCE)and enzyme-alkali method(CEA)were used to extract IDF.The composition,physicochemical properties,glucose adsorption capacity,cation exchange capacity and DPPH free radical scavenging capacity of three IDFs were analyzed.Results showed that the yield of ultrasound-assisted compound enzyme method was the highest(84.68%).Three IDFs had a higher purity and mainly consisted of cellulose,hemicellulose,and lignin.The purity of UCE-IDF was up to 82.24%.UCE-IDF had the best water holding capacity(4.74±0.66)g/g,oil holding capacity(3.84±0.29)g/g,binding capacity(3.29±0.09)g/g,the highest total phenol content(7.77±0.07)mg/g,the best cation exchange capacity(0.40±0.003)mmol/g,and the antioxidant capacity.CEA-IDF had the highest swelling capacity(5.33±0.11)mL/g and flavonoid content(1.88±0.03)mg/g.CE-IDF had the best glucose adsorption capacity(19326.67±41.63)μmol/g.Physical and chemical characterization indicated that the structure of UCE-IDF was more irregular and had higher thermal stability.The infrared spectra suggested that the three IDFs had the characteristic absorption peaks of cellulose.The X-ray results revealed that the three IDFs were cellulose I crystal.In summary,there were differences in physical and chemical properties and functional characteristics among the three IDFs.UCE-IDF showed significant advantages in several physical and chemical properties,such as water holding,oil holding thermal stability,and antioxidant activity.CEA-IDF was distinguished by its high flavonoid content and the best swelling power.CE-IDF had the best glucose adsorption capacity.The results of this study could provide a theoretical basis for the application of IDF in food processing industry.

关 键 词：黄精渣 提取方法 水不溶性膳食纤维 理化性质 功能特性 

分 类 号：TS255.1[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]