欧盟高等教育微证书项目:现实动因、运行体系与保障机制  

EU Higher Education Micro-Certificate Project:Real Motivation,Operation System and Guarantee Mechanism

作　　者：赵志群[1] 刘丹[1] ZHAO Zhiqun;LIU Dan

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学教育学部,北京100875

出　　处：《大学教育科学》2024年第6期79-89,共11页University Education Science

基　　金：北京市教育科学“十三五”规划优先关注课题“‘1+X’证书制度建设中技能评价方法研究”(BDEA2020009)。

摘　　要：微证书项目是欧盟实施高等教育数字化转型的重要政策工具。为了弥补传统学位教育技能不足、适应劳动技能提升和再培训的需求、满足微型学习成果认证的需求,欧盟形成了政府、学校、企业三方主体共同参与的运行体系。整体而言,欧盟微证书项目的保障机制为:统一关键信息标准,提升微证书透明度;完善质量保障制度,增强微证书公信力;用学分代表工作量,使学习成果可衡量;建立数字化存储平台,支持微证书可流通。借鉴欧盟经验,立足我国实际,应从以下方面着手推进微证书项目实施:一是建立国家资格框架,加强学分积累和转换;二是管理高等教育慕课平台,推动在线课程认证;三是倡导企业提供技能培训,为员工开发微证书;四是完善数字化基础设施建设,建立微证书存储平台。The micro-certificate project is an important policy tool for the EU to implement the digital transformation of higher education.In order to make up for the lack of skills in traditional degree education,adapt to the need for labor skill improvement and retraining,and meet the need for micro-learning achievement certification,the EU has formed an operation system in which the government,schools,and enterprises participate together.Overall,the guarantee mechanism of the EU micro-certificate project is to unify key information standards and improve the transparency of micro-certificates;improve the quality assurance system and enhance the credibility of micro-certificates;use credits to represent workload so that learning outcomes can be measured;establish a digital storage platform to support the circulation of micro-certificates.Drawing on the experience of the EU and according to China’s reality,China should promote the implementation of the micro-certificate project from the following aspects:first,establish a national qualification framework and strengthen credit accumulation and conversion;second,manage the MOOC platform and promote online course certification;third,encourage enterprises to provide skills training and develop micro-certificates for employees;fourth,improve the construction of digital infrastructure and establish a micro-certificate storage platform.

关 键 词：教育数字化 微证书 资格认证 学习成果认证 终身学习 

分 类 号：G649[文化科学—高等教育学]