多效唑对“锦绣”黄桃果实·种子和叶片相关指标的影响  

Effects of Paclobutrazol on Fruit,Seed and Leaf Related Indexes of ‘Jinxiu’ Yellow Peach

作　　者：杜纪红 张夏南[2] 苏明申[2] 周慧娟[2] 李雄伟[2] 张明昊[2] 胡洋 叶正文 DU Ji-hong;ZHANG Xia-nan;SU Ming-shen(Shanghai Co-Elite Agricultural Sci-Tech(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201106;Forestry and Pomology Research Institute,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai 201403)

机构地区：[1]上海科立特农科(集团)有限公司,上海201106 [2]上海市农业科学院林木果树研究所,上海201403

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第23期41-43,52,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：上海市科委2019年度科技创新行动计划农业领域项目(19391903400)。

摘　　要：以“锦绣”黄桃为试材,土施多效唑2.5 g/树(处理(1))和5.0 g/树(处理(2)),对照不进行处理,研究多效唑对“锦绣”黄桃果实、种子和叶片相关指标的影响。结果表明,2个处理均抑制新梢生长,增加单株挂果量、单株产量和中小果比例,减少大果比例。2个处理均降低平均单果重和果肉糖酸含量,增加果形指数(纵径/横径),不利于果实品质的提升。处理(2)显著增加种胚的鲜重和干重,并减少种核空核率。2个处理均降低叶片的叶面积和单叶重,但对比叶重影响较小。2个处理均增加叶片中氮含量,降低磷和钾含量。多效唑处理能够提高“锦绣”黄桃果实产量,但不利于果实品质的提升,其原因可能是多效唑抑制了叶面积大小和叶片中磷钾含量。在果品生产过程中建议合理使用多效唑或者采用其他栽培管理方法代替多效唑来调控树体生长。This study investigated the effects of applying different concentrations of paclobutrazol to soil on the fruit,seed,and leaf related indicators of the‘Jinxiu’yellow peach.In spring,paclobutrazol 2.5 g/tree(treatment①)and 5 g/tree(treatment②)was applied to the annular groove of‘Jinxiu’yellow peach trees,while the control was left untreated.When the fruit has reached maturity,study pertinent indicators.The results showed that both treatments enhanced fruit production,yield,and the proportion of small and medium-sized fruits,while reducing the proportion of large fruits.Both treatments resulted in a decrease in average fruit weight,an increase in fruit shape index(longitudinal length/transverse diameter),and an increase in pulp sugar and acid content;however,fruit quality was not enhanced.Treatment②enhanced the fresh weight and dried weight of seed embryos considerably.In both treatments,leaf area and single leaf weight decreased,although specific leaf weight was less impacted.Both treatments increased leaf nitrogen content while decreasing phosphorus and potassium levels.The soil application of paclobutrazol could increase fruit yield but did not improve the fruit quality of‘Jinxiu’yellow peaches.This may be due to its negative impacts on leaf area,phosphorus,and potassium levels.During fruit production,the usage of paclobutrazol should be restricted or avoided.In addition,alternatives to paclobutrazol should be employed for cultivation and management.

关 键 词：黄桃 多效唑 果实 品质 叶片 营养 

分 类 号：S482.8[农业科学—农药学]