从“前故事话语”看叙事交流的三层结构  

The Tripartite Structure of Narrative Communication from the Perspective of“Pre-story Discourse”

作　　者：钱翰[1] 王瑾 Qian Han;Wang Jin(the Research Centre of Literature and Art at Beijing Normal University)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学文艺学研究中心,北京市100875 [2]北京师范大学文学院文艺学研究中心,北京市100875

出　　处：《文艺理论研究》2024年第5期46-58,共13页Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“新时期西方理论潮与中国文论话语分析研究”[项目编号:22JJD750014];国家社会科学基金青年项目“英美后人文科幻诗学‘物转向’研究”[项目编号:23CWW013]阶段性成果。

摘　　要：叙事学中的“隐含作者&隐含读者”概念,一般无法在文内直接确定所指,且关涉到叙事交流的层次和主体数量。因此,自被韦恩·布斯提出以来便备受争议。本文在梳理叙事发展的过程中发现“前故事话语”,这种安装故事外壳的叙述方式最初承继自口头传统,后在现代小说中用于形式探索和元叙事反思,它利用修辞技术塑造非时间性(即在场性),从而发挥召唤读者和渗透真实价值的修辞功能,此时可令行迹难寻的“隐含作者&隐含读者”显现,并从形式上揭示叙事交流的三层结构真实存在。The narratological concept of“implied author and implied reader”is typically difficult to pinpoint directly within a text and relates to the levels and number of subjects involved in narrative communication.Since Wayne C.Booth introduced the concept,it has been a topic of considerable debate.Reviewing the evolution of narrative,this article identifies“pre-story discourse”as a narrative shell that originated in oral tradition and was later employed in modern novels for formal exploration and meta-narrative reflection.By utilizing rhetorical techniques to create non-temporality(presence),it fulfills its rhetorical purpose of calling upon readers and conveying genuine values.At this point,the previously elusive“implied author and implied reader”become visible,and the actual existence of the tripartite structure in narrative communication is revealed formally.

关 键 词：前故事叙述 叙事学 口头文学 召唤结构 交流伦理 

分 类 号：I04[文学—文学理论]