赤拟谷盗气门的超微结构研究  

Ultrastructure of Spiracles of Tribolium Castaneum

作　　者：孙德宏 孙晟源 杨宁 陈二虎 唐培安 Sun Dehong;Sun Shengyuan;Yang Ning;Chen Erhu;Tang Peian(College of Food Science and Engineering,Nanjing University of Finance and Economics,Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety,Nanjing 210023)

机构地区：[1]南京财经大学食品科学与工程学院,江苏省现代粮食流通与安全协同创新中心,南京210023

出　　处：《中国粮油学报》2024年第11期165-171,共7页Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association

基　　金：江苏省重点研发计划项目(BE2022377);国家自然科学基金项目(32272388,32001915);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD);江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(SJCX23_0653)。

摘　　要：气门是昆虫气管在体壁的开口,昆虫通过调节气门的开闭结构来完成气体交换,然而储粮害虫气门超微结构尚不清楚。本文利用扫描电镜对赤拟谷盗成虫和幼虫气门的超微结构进行观察。结果表明,赤拟谷盗成虫共有6对气门,胸部1对,腹部5对,属多气门型,气门类型为内闭式气门;气门因其分布不同外面观呈不同形状,胸部气门外面观呈椭圆形,腹部1~3节呈圆形,腹部4~5节呈长椭圆形;胸部气门最大,腹部第1节气门最小;气门的过滤结构呈蜂巢状,分布密集且整齐排列,连接处有尖刺状凸起;气门外围体壁光滑,无疏水状结构;赤拟谷盗幼虫体表着生少量毛状物,共有9对气门,胸部1对,腹部8对,分布于体壁两侧;气门类型为内闭式气门;幼虫气门无形态上的差异,均呈圆形;幼虫胸部气门最大,其余8对气门大小无明显差异;气门的过滤结构外面观簇生,呈尖刺状,分支较少,多数顶端呈二歧分枝,表面光滑。赤拟谷盗主要生活在粉屑等环境中,成虫气门有坚硬的鞘翅遮挡,幼虫体壁光滑,气门裸露,因此成虫气门筛板数量少于幼虫。The spiracle is the opening of the insect trachea on the integument.Insects complete gas exchange by regulating the retractable structures of the spiracle.However,there are few reports on the study of the spiracle ultrastructure of stored-grain pest.In the study,the ultrastructure of the spiracle of adults and larvae of Tribolium castaneumu was investigated through a scanning electron microscope(SEM).The results indicated that,the adults of T.castaneum had 6 pairs of spiracles,1 pair in the thorax,and 5 pairs in the abdomen,being the multi-spiracle type,and the spiracle type was internal closing apparatus.Additionally,the thoracic spiracle was oval from the out view,the abdominal 1~3 throttle spiracles were circular,and the abdominal 4-5 throttle spiracles were oblong due to their different distribution.The thoracic spiracle was the largest,and the spiracle of the abdominal 1 segment was the smallest;the filter apparatus of the spiracle was honeycomb-like,distributed densely and arranged neatly,and there were spike-like protrusions at the connection.Interestingly,the integument of the spiracle was smooth and had no hydrophobic structure.The larvae of T.castaneum had a small amount of hair on the body surface.The findings revealed that there were 9 pairs of spiracles on the larvae body surface,1 pair in the thorax,and 8 pairs in the abdomen,which were distributed on both sides of the integument.The spiracle type also was internal closing apparatus,and there was almost no morphological variation in the larval spiracles,which were circular.Furthermore,the thorax spiracle of larvae was the largest,and the other 8 pairs of spiracles had no significant difference in size.The spiracle filter apparatus showed clustered,spiny,and the branches were not developed compared to the out view,in addition to this,most of the tops were bifurcated and the surface was smooth.T.castaneum mainly lived in a powder environment,and the adult spiracle was sheltered by a hard carapace while the larval surface was smooth and the spiracle wa

关 键 词：赤拟谷盗 气门 超微结构 扫描电镜 

分 类 号：TS379.5[轻工技术与工程]