他们为何难以理性地选择中职学校?——基于10名初中毕业生的深度访谈  

Why is It Difficult for Junior High School Graduates to Choose Secondary Vocational Schools Rationally?——In-depth Interview Analysis of 10 Junior High School Graduates

作　　者：陈礼业 徐国庆[1,2] Chen Liye;Xu Guoqing(Research Institute for Vocational and Further Education in East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学职业教育与成人教育研究所,上海200062 [2]国家教材建设重点研究基地(职业教育教材建设和管理政策)

出　　处：《职业技术教育》2024年第34期49-57,共9页Vocational and Technical Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金教育学重大课题“技能型社会测度模型、驱动因素及路径优化研究”(VJA220006),主持人:徐国庆。

摘　　要：如何解决中等职业教育生源数量下滑的生存危机,已经成为职业教育改革发展的关键议题。采用深度访谈与类属分析方法,对10名初中毕业生进行质性研究发现:初中毕业生难以理性选择中职学校的关键原因不在于他们对中职学校没有利益需求或个人偏好,而在于他们所获得的中职学校相关信息既不完全,也不准确。在理性相对缺位的情况下,初中毕业生信任社会普遍存在的“职普选择文化”,主动放弃或避免选择中职学校。因此,亟须提升初中毕业生在职普教育选择中的理性水平,提高初中毕业生获知中职学校相关信息的全面性和真实性,推动“职普选择文化”朝着“普通教育与职业教育各方面真正平等”的核心目标变迁,以确保初中毕业生对中职学校的理性选择不会受到不合理文化的侵扰。How to solve the survival crisis of the decline of secondary vocational education students has become a key issue in the reform and development of vocational education research.Based on in-depth interviews and category analysis,a qualitative study of 10 junior high school graduates found that the key reason why junior high school graduates are dificult to rationally choose secondary vocational schools is not that they have no interest demand or personal preference for secondary vocational schools,but that the relevant information of secondary vocational schools they have obtained is neither complete nor accurate.Furthermore,in the case of the relative absence of rationality,junior high school graduates trust the"vocational and general choice culture"prevalent in the society,and follow their initiative to give up or avoid choosing secondary vocational schools.Therefore,it is imperative to enhance the rationality of junior high school graduates in the process of choosing between vocational and general education.Specifically,this involves improving the comprehensiveness and authenticity of the information that junior high school graduates receive about secondary vocational schools.At the same time,it is also necessary to promote the change of"vocational and general choice culture"towards the core goal of"real equality in all aspects of general education and vocational education"so as to ensure that junior high school graduates'rational choice of secondary vocational schools will not bedisturbed byunreasonable culture.

关 键 词：初中毕业生 理性选择 中职学校 中等职业教育 普通教育 

分 类 号：G718.3[文化科学—职业技术教育学]