家庭文化资本理论的再审视——基于文化资本、习性和场域关系的视角  

Re-examination of the Theory of Family Cultural Capital-Based on the Perspective of Cultural Capital,Habitus and Field Domain Relationship

作　　者：许怀雪 范盈盈 XU Huaixue;FAN Yingying(School of Educational Science,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou,Jiangsu,225002,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学教育科学学院,江苏扬州225002

出　　处：《教育与教学研究》2024年第12期26-39,共14页Education and Teaching Research

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“指向学生成功的农村第一代大学生家庭教育资本研究”(编号:22YJC880096);江苏省高校哲学社会科学研究一般项目“‘双减'背景下家校共育助力学生成功的作用机制研究”(编号:2022SJYB2126)。

摘　　要：家庭文化资本理论是具有强大解释力和广泛影响力的社会学理论之一。家庭文化资本、习性和场域是家庭文化资本理论的核心概念,三者的内涵和相互关系构成了家庭文化资本理论的基本内容。家庭文化资本以体制化资本、客观化资本和身体化资本三种基本形态和被掩盖趋利性的象征资本形态呈现,其中,身体化资本是最具家庭特征的文化资本,象征资本可以通过奉献或牺牲、有意行动和附带性拥有三种途径获得,三种基本形态的家庭文化资本均可以以象征资本的形式获利。习性是家庭文化资本的母体和传递途径,是家庭成员的一种惯性思维方式和行动策略;习性可以不断重构和积累,可以使拥有者获利也可以使拥有者失利;身体化资本以习性的形式直接呈现并参与到其他两种基本形态家庭文化资本的获得、承继和获利的过程中。场域是习性形成与传递以及家庭文化资本积累、承继和发挥获利作用的争斗关系场,其中,国家是文化资本竞相进入的“元场”,学校和家庭是国家“元场”中有动态边界的次场。Family cultural capital theory is one of the sociological theories with strong explanatory power and wide influence.Family cultural capital,habitus and field domain are the core concepts of family cultural capital theory.Their connotation and mutual relationship of the three constitute the basic content of family cultural capital theory.Family cultural capital manifests in three basic forms:institutionalized capital,objectified capital,and embodied capital,along with the symbolic capital form of concealed and strategic interests.Among these,embodied capital is the most distinctive form of cultural capital with a family-specific characteristic;and symbolic capital can be obtained in three ways,namely through dedication or sacrifice,intentional action and incidental possession,and three basic forms of family cultural capital can be profited in the form of symbolic capital.Habitus is the matrix and transmission path of family cultural capital,and is a kind of habitual thinking mode and action strategy of family members;Habitus can be constantly reconstructed and accumulated,which can make the owner profit and can make the owner lose;Embodied capital,in the form of habitus,directly presents and participates in the process of acquiring,inheriting and profiting from the other two basic forms of family culture.The field domain is the struggle relationship field of the formation and transmission of habitus and the accumulation,inheritance and profit-making of family cultural capital.Among them,the country is the″Meta-field″into which cultural capital competes,and the school and family are the secondary fields with dynamic boundaries in the″Meta-field″.

关 键 词：家庭文化资本 习性 场域 体制化资本 客观化资本 身体化资本 象征资本 

分 类 号：G40-052[文化科学—教育学原理] G459[文化科学—教育学]