吐鲁番9个产地无核白葡萄干品质及多酚代谢组分析  

Analysis of Quality and Phenolic Metabolome of Thompson Seedless Raisins from Nine Production Areas in Turpan

作　　者：户金鸽 白世践 HU Jinge;BAI Shijian(Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Grapes and Melons Research Institute,Shanshan 838200,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区葡萄瓜果研究所,新疆鄯善838200

出　　处：《食品科学》2025年第2期156-163,共8页Food Science

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区“天山英才”培养计划“三农”骨干人才项目(2023SNGGNT062);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目(2022D01A120);新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划专项(2022B02045-2);新疆维吾尔自治区公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(KY2023099);新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发任务专项(2022B02034-4)。

摘　　要：以吐鲁番9个产地无核白葡萄干为研究对象,分析比较不同产区间葡萄干品质、抗氧化活性差异,采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定葡萄干酚类组分和含量。结果表明,平均葡萄干单粒质量和果形指数最大的是连木沁,分别为0.81 g、2.74,平均单粒质量和果形指数最小的是高昌区,分别为0.46 g、2.27。园艺场葡萄干固酸比最高,为29.34,七克台葡萄干固酸比最低,为25.74。连木沁葡萄干a*值最低,ΔE较低,分别为2.56和44.94,表明其葡萄干颜色最绿;园艺场葡萄干a*值较低,ΔE最低,分别为2.94和44.19,这两个产区内葡萄干颜色偏绿且颜色一致性最好。对6个产区无核白葡萄干检测到的518种单体酚进行分类,可分为5大类:黄酮275种,占53.09%;酚酸136种,占26.25%;木脂素和香豆素60种,占11.58%;单宁19种,占3.67%;其他类(茋类)28种,占5.41%。鲁克沁和高昌区、七克台和胜金乡、园艺场和连木沁3组共筛选到246个差异代谢物,分别包含124、144、66个差异代谢物,各有54、92、22个特有差异代谢物,这3组之间有10个共同差异代谢物。上述结果表明,连木沁和园艺场可作为无核白葡萄干的优势产区。The differences in the quality and antioxidant activity of Thompson seedless raisins from nine production areas in Turpan were analyzed.Their phenolic composition and content were determined by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS).The results showed that raisins produced in Lianmuqin had the largest mean single unit mass and shape index of 0.81 g and 2.74,respectively,while raisins produced in Gaochang had the smallest values of 0.46 g and 2.27,respectively.Raisins produced in Yuanyichang had the highest solid/acid ratio of 29.34,while raisins produced in Qiketai had the lowest value of 25.74.Lianmuqin raisins had the lowest a*value of 2.56 and aΔE value(44.94)below the medium level,indicating the greenest color.The a*value of Yuanyichang raisins was below the medium level(2.94)and itsΔE value(44.19)was the lowest.The color of raisins from these two areas tended to be green and the most consistent with each other.A total of 518 monomeric phenolics were identified in Thompson seedless raisins from the six production areas,including 275 flavonoids(53.09%),136 phenolic acids(26.25%),60 lignans and coumarins(11.58%),19 tannin(3.67%)and 28 others(5.41%).A total of 246 differential metabolites were identified in raisins from Lukeqin versus Gaochangqu(124),Qiketai versus Shengjinxiang(144),and Yuanyichang versus Lianmuqin(66),with 54,92 and 22 differential metabolites being unique to these comparisons,respectively and 10 differential metabolites being common to all of them.The above results indicate that Lianmuqin and Yuanyichang can be considered as advantageous production areas for Thompson seedless raisins.

关 键 词：吐鲁番 葡萄干 品质 酚类 代谢组 

分 类 号：TS255[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]