4个特色保靖黄金茶茶树新品系植物学特征及红、绿茶适制性研究  

Study on Botanical Characteristics and Processing Suitability of Black Tea and Green Tea of Four Distinctive New Tea Strains of Baojing Huangjincha

作　　者：宁静[1] 刘振[1] 刘文武[1] 王俊华 罗金波 向天颂 龙秀姣 张爱花 赵洋[1] 杨培迪[1] 成杨[1] 璩馥榕 李健权[7] NING Jing;LIU Zhen;LIU Wenwu;WANG Junhua;LUO Jinbo;XIANG Tiansong;LONG Xiujiao;ZHANG Aihua;ZHAO Yang;YANG Peidi;CHENG Yang;QU Furong;LI Jianquan(Tea Research Institute,Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changsha 410125,China;Baojing County Agriculture and Rural Bureau,Baojing 416500,China;Baojing County Tea Industry Development Office,Baojing 416500,China;Baojing County Huangjin Village Huangjin Dancong Tea Professional Cooperative,Baojing 416500,China;Baojing Huanxi Huangjincha Tea Co.,Ltd.,Baojing 416500,China;Baojing County No.2 Huangjincha Professional Cooperative,Baojing 416500,China;Research Base Management Center,Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changsha 410125,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省农业科学院茶叶研究所,湖南长沙410125 [2]保靖县农业农村局,湖南保靖416500 [3]保靖县茶叶产业开发办公室,湖南保靖416500 [4]保靖县黄金村黄金单枞茶叶专业合作社,湖南保靖416500 [5]保靖欢喜黄金茶有限公司,湖南保靖416500 [6]保靖县贰号黄金茶专业合作社,湖南保靖416500 [7]湖南省农业科学院科研基地管理中心,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《茶叶通讯》2024年第4期462-469,共8页Journal of Tea Communication

基　　金：中央基层农技推广体系改革与建设(湘财农指[2023]47号);湖南省农业科技创新资金项目(2022CX30);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-19)。

摘　　要：分别对‘保靖黄金茶7号’‘保靖黄金茶9号’‘保靖黄金茶10号’和‘保靖黄金茶66号’等4个特色茶树新品系的主要植物学特征、物候期和芽叶性状进行田间观测。结果表明‘保靖黄金茶7号’为中叶种,发芽特早;‘保靖黄金茶9号’为大叶种,芽叶呈黄绿色;‘保靖黄金茶10号’为大叶种,芽头肥壮,茸毛特多;‘保靖黄金茶66号’为中叶种,芽叶色泽绿色、茸毛少。4个特色茶树新品系所制绿茶和工夫红茶感官审评与理化成分检测结果表明,‘保靖黄金茶7号’儿茶素品质指数最高,制绿茶和工夫红茶滋味和香气品种特色显著,可培育成红、绿茶兼制品种。‘保靖黄金茶9号’制绿茶干茶、汤色和叶底偏黄,制工夫红茶外形乌褐油润、金毫显露,汤色红亮,尤其是香气品质突出,具浓郁持久的似玫瑰花香的品种香,适制高香型工夫红茶。‘保靖黄金茶10号’制绿茶条索肥壮、白毫满披,滋味鲜醇,嫩香高;制工夫红茶条索壮结、棕褐油润、金毫满披,汤色红亮,滋味甜醇;适制芽头型或一芽一叶高档名优绿茶和工夫红茶。‘保靖黄金茶66号’氨基酸含量高,酚氨比低,制绿茶具有干茶绿、汤色绿和叶底绿的“三绿”品质特征,滋味鲜爽,适制高档名优绿茶。Field observations were conducted on the main botanical characteristics,phenological periods,and bud and leaf traits of four distinctive new strains,namely Baojing Huangjincha 7,Baojing Huangjincha 9,Baojing Huangjincha 10,and Baojing Huangjincha 66,respectively.The results showed that Baojing Huangjincha 7 is mainly characterized by mid leaf species,which germinates particularly early;Baojing Huangjincha 9 is mainly characterized by large leaf species,with yellow green buds and leaves;Baojing Huangjincha 10 is mainly characterized by large leaf species,with plump buds,and abundant hairs;Baojing Huangjincha 66 is mainly characterized by mid leaf species,with green buds and leaves,and few hairs.The sensory evaluation and physicochemical testing results of green tea and congou black tea produced from four distinctive new strains of Baojing Huangjincha showed that Baojing Huangjincha 7 has the highest quality index of catechins,and the taste and aroma of its green tea and congou black tea have significant variety characteristics,which could be cultivated into a variety for both black tea and green tea;Baojing Huangjincha 9 has a yellowish color in dry leaf,soup color and infused leaf when making green tea,while its congou black tea has dark brown and oily appearance with exposed golden hairs,bright red soup color,and particularly outstanding aroma quality,with a rich and long-lasting rose like aroma,it is suitable for making high-aroma congou black tea.Baojing Huangjincha 10 has plump strip with full of white hair,fresh and mellow taste and high tender aroma when making green tea;it has sturdy strips with full of gold hair,brown and oily color,bright red soup color,sweet and mellow taste when making congou black tea,it is suitable for making high-quality green tea and congou black tea with single bud or one bud and one leaf.Baojing Huangjincha 66 has high amino acid content and low phenol ammonia ratio,it has"three green"quality characteristics of green dry tea,green soup color and green infused leaf,and refreshing

关 键 词：‘保靖黄金茶’ 新品系 植物学特征 绿茶 红茶 适制性 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]