高速列车编组长度对隧道壁面压力极值的影响  

The Influence of High-Speed Train Formation Length on Extreme Pressure on Tunnel Walls

作　　者：吉晓宇 何旭辉[1,2] 敬海泉 JI Xiaoyu;HE Xuhui;JING Haiquan(School of Civil Engineering,Central South University,Changsha Hunan 410075,China;National Engineering Laboratory for High-Speed Railway Construction,Changsha Hunan 410075,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学土木工程学院,湖南长沙410075 [2]高速铁路建造技术国家工程实验室,湖南长沙410075

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2024年第6期149-157,共9页China Railway Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51925808);湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2023JJ10071);湖南省科技创新计划项目(2021RC3017);中南大学创新驱动项目(2023CXQD017)。

摘　　要：隧道空气动力学一直是高速铁路和隧道工程领域的一个研究热点,短编组试验结果能否准确反映隧道内压力极值的分布规律也成为国内外学者重点关注的内容之一。为揭示列车编组长度对隧道壁面正负压力极值的影响,首先基于压力波叠加原理,推导隧道壁面正负压力极值的分布情况和列车编组长度与隧道压力波之间的定量关系;然后通过数值模拟得到时速300 km不同编组列车通过2088 m长隧道和时速350 km不同编组长度列车通过1000 m长隧道时的隧道压力极值分布情况,并对理论推导结果进行验证。结果表明:列车编组长度和马赫数显著影响隧道内正负极值的纵向分布,特别是最大正负压力极值的出现位置;当隧道长度满足一定条件时,可用短编组列车经过隧道时获得的隧道壁面正负压力极值,估算目标编组列车通过隧道时的正负压力极值;推导得到的隧道长度计算式与列车长度和马赫数相关。Tunnel aerodynamics remains a pivotal area of research in high-speed railway and tunnel engineering.Whether the results from short formation tests could accurately reflect the distribution of pressure extremes within tunnels has been one of the main concerns for scholars at home and abroad.This paper derives a quantitative relationship between the distribution of positive and negative pressure extremes on the tunnel wall and the length of the train formation and the tunnel pressure waves,based on the principle of pressure wave superposition.The theoretical deductions are verified by the numerical simulation results of different train formations with a speed of 300 km passing through a 2,088 m-long tunnel and different train formations with a speed of 350 km passing through a 1,000 m-long tunnel.The results of the study show that the length of train formation and Mach number have a significant effect on the longitudinal distribution of positive and negative pressure extremes in the tunnel,especially in locations where the positive and negative pressure occur.When the tunnel length fulfills specific criteria,the extreme values of positive and negative pressure of a target train passing through the tunnel can be estimated from the corresponding values obtained when a short train passes through the tunnel,and the formula for calculating the tunnel length is correlated with train length and Mach number.

关 键 词：隧道 高速列车 列车编组长度 压力波 气动荷载 马赫数 

分 类 号：U270.11[机械工程—车辆工程]