面向未来的就业技能评估——基于OECD《PISA VET:评估和分析框架》报告的解读  

Future-Oriented Employment Skills Assessment--Based on the Interpretation of the OECD’s“PISA VET:Assessment and Analysis Framework”report

作　　者：修南 Xiu Nan

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学高等教育研究所

出　　处：《中国职业技术教育》2024年第35期85-95,共11页Chinese Vocational and Technical Education

基　　金：2024年辽宁省社会科学基金青年项目“促进高质量充分就业:劳动者基础技能的国际比较及职业教育转型研究”(项目编号:L24CSH002,主持人:修南)。

摘　　要：就业技能评估是衡量劳动者一般能力的重要方式,是确认劳动者进入不同职业领域的“探测器”。经济合作与发展组织发布《PISA VET:评估和分析框架》,把就业技能定义为与一系列工作岗位相关的能力。在科学性、宽泛性和国际可比性原则下,基于现有国际测评项目,OECD遴选了由识字能力、问题解决、任务能力、协作能力等维度要素构成的就业技能评估框架。就业技能评估的突破与创新体现在评估理念上,力求融会贯通,质量为本;评估内容上,遵循技能中心,数智导向;评估方式上,指向技术支撑,途径多样。这一政策文本对我国的启示在于:一是需要确定就业技能的本土概念,二是需要构建中国式的就业技能评估框架,三是需要扩宽就业技能评估的思路。Employment skills assessment is an important way to measure the general abilities of work-ers,and employment skills are considered as a“stepping stone”for workers to enter different professional fields.To this end,the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development has released the PISA VET:Assessment and Analysis Framework,which defines employment skills as abilities related to a range of job positions.Guided by the principles of scientificity,inclusiveness,and international comparability,and building upon existing international assessment programs,OECD have selected an employment skills as-sessment framework encompassing dimensions such as literacy,problem-solving,task-oriented abilities,and collaborative skills.The breakthrough and innovation of employment skills assessment are reflected in the assessment concept,which strives to integrate and integrate,with quality as the foundation;In terms of evaluation content,it follows the skill center and digital intelligence orientation;In terms of evaluation meth-ods,it is oriented towards technical support and has various approaches.This framework is of great signifi-cance for China to define the local concept of employment skills,build a Chinese-style employment skills assessment framework,and broaden the thinking of employment skills assessment.

关 键 词：就业技能评估 劳动者 职业教育与培训 OECD 

分 类 号：G710[文化科学—职业技术教育学]