从政治为先到综合施策:历史制度主义视角下我国中小学师德问责政策变迁研究  

From Politics First to Comprehensive Policy:Changes in the Accountability Policy of Teachers’Ethics in Primary and Secondary Schools Since the Reform

作　　者：段谦谦 姚佳胜[1] 段筠茹 DUAN Qianqian;YAO Jiasheng;DUAN Junru(School of Education,Liaoning Normal University,Dalian 116029;The Second Middle School Affiliated,Liaoning Normal University,Dalian 116086)

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学教育学部,大连116029 [2]辽宁师范大学附属第二中学,大连116086

出　　处：《基础教育参考》2024年第12期26-35,共10页Basic Education Review

基　　金：2020年辽宁省经济社会发展研究基地一般课题“辽宁省乡村教师支持政策实施成效调查研究”(编号:2021lsljdybkt-025)。

摘　　要：教以师为要,师以德为先,师德问责在督促我国中小学教师队伍的建设中发挥着重要作用。基于历史制度主义视角,从纵向历史序列和横向历史节点分析改革开放以来我国中小学师德问责政策得出以下基本结论:我国中小学师德问责政策经历了从政治为先到综合施策的变迁过程;师德问责政策深深植根于我国社会发展的深层结构中;协同效应和学习效应使师德问责政策存在路径依赖现象;在教书育人和国家需要双重动力的影响下国家对中小学师德提出日益完备的要求。未来中小学师德问责政策的发展离不开全方面的内容覆盖和全过程的督促提高,在各主体的共同参与下推进新时代师德问责的发展。The teacher is the key to teaching,and the teacher takes morality as the first priority.The accountability of teacher morality plays an important role in supervising the construction of primary and secondary school teachers in our country.From the perspective of historical institutionalism,this paper analyzes the teacher ethics accountability policy of primary and secondary schools in China since the reform and opening up from the vertical historical sequence and the horizontal historical node,and draws the following basic conclusions:The policy of teacher ethics accountability of primary and secondary schools in China has experienced a transition process from political first to comprehensive policy;The teacher ethics accountability policy is deeply rooted in the deep structure of our social development;The synergistic effect and learning effect make the teacher ethics accountability policy have path dependence phenomenon.Under the influence of the dual power of teaching and educating people and the need of the country,the country puts forward increasingly complete requirements for teachers’ethics in primary and secondary schools.The future development of teachers’ethics accountability policy in primary and secondary schools cannot be separated from the coverage of all aspects and the supervision and improvement of the whole process,and the development of teachers’ethics accountability in the new era is promoted with the joint participation of all subjects.

关 键 词：师德问责 历史制度主义 教师素养 师德失范 义务教育 

分 类 号：G451[文化科学—教育学]