《中华人民共和国学前教育法》的制度构建与实施路径  

The Institutional Framework and Implementation Pathways of The Preschool Education Law of the People’Republic of China

作　　者：湛中乐 杜佳欣[2] ZHAN Zhongle;DU Jiaxin(Law School,Xinjiang University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830046,China;Law School,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学法学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830046 [2]北京大学法学院,北京100871

出　　处：《河北师范大学学报(教育科学版)》2025年第1期21-31,共11页Journal of Hebei Normal University(Educational Science)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“中国教育法学总论体系构建研究”(20BFX050)。

摘　　要：《中华人民共和国学前教育法》的颁布是我国学前教育法治化建设的里程碑。该法确立了以公益性与普惠性为核心的制度框架,通过政府主导与社会力量参与的结合,构建覆盖城乡的学前教育公共服务体系。在多元主体供给方面,法律明确了政府与社会力量的角色分工,规范了普惠性民办幼儿园的支持与监管机制;在内容规范与质量保障方面,法律强调教育活动的适龄性与科学性,并建立了质量监测与评估体系,以提升学前教育的整体水平;在儿童权益保护和教育争议解决机制的设计方面,进一步明确了各主体的权利义务,构建了行政处理与司法救济相结合的多元争议解决路径。在今后的实施中,为将学前教育的制度优势转化为现实效能,应进一步完善中央与地方职责协同机制,明确财政投入与资源分配责任,健全学前教育质量监管与动态调整体系,强化对社会力量参与的引导与规范,推动学前教育资源的公平配置与服务质量的全面提升。The enactment of The Preschool Education Law of the People’Republic of China marks a significant milestone in the legal framework for preschool education in China.This law establishes a comprehensive institutional framework focused on public welfare and inclusivity,aiming to create an equitable public service system for preschool education that spans both urban and rural areas,driven by a collaboration between government and social entities.The law outlines clear divisions of responsibility between the government and social forces,while regulating the support and supervisory mechanisms for inclusive private kindergartens.It emphasizes age-appropriate,scientifically-based educational practices and sets up a robust system for quality monitoring and evaluation to enhance the overall standard of preschool education.Additionally,the law addresses children’s rights and interests,offering a well-defined framework for dispute resolution that integrates both administrative and judicial approaches.Moving forward,the law’s institutional advantages must be effectively translated into practical outcomes.To achieve this,it is essential to refine the coordination between central and local governments,clarify financial responsibilities and resource allocation,improve dynamic monitoring and quality adjustment mechanisms,strengthen regulation of social forces,and promote equitable distribution of resources and service quality improvements in preschool education.

关 键 词：《中华人民共和国学前教育法》 制度架构 教育公平 教育质量保障 

分 类 号：G610[文化科学—学前教育学]