提取温度对黑果枸杞多糖理化特性及抗氧化、免疫调节活性的影响  

Effects of Extraction Temperature on Physicochemical Properties and Antioxidant and Immunomodulatory Activities of Polysaccharides from Lycium ruthenicum Murr.

作　　者：刘冰[1] 马静钰 李婷 竹军 朱美鹏 吴丽华 陈霞 张新国[1] 赵萍[1] LIU Bing;MA Jingyu;LI Ting;ZHU Jun;ZHU Meipeng;WU Lihua;CHEN Xia;ZHANG Xinguo;ZHAO Ping(College of Life Science and Engineering,Lanzhou University of Science and Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China;Gansu Institute of Standardization,Lanzhou 730000,China;Zhejiang Benefit Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd.,Lishui 323000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学生命科学与工程学院,甘肃兰州730050 [2]甘肃省标准化研究院,甘肃兰州730000 [3]浙江贝尼菲特药业有限公司,浙江丽水323000

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2025年第3期60-70,共11页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：甘肃省高校青年博士支持项目(2023QB-029);甘肃省知识产权计划项目(22ZSCQ005);丽水市博士创新站项目;兰州理工大学博士科研启动基金项目。

摘　　要：以提取温度(20、40、60、80、100℃)条件为变量,采用水提醇沉法提取得到黑果枸杞多糖(Lycium ruthenicum Murr.polysaccharides,LRPs);通过分析多糖得率、碳水化合物含量、糖醛酸含量、紫外光谱、特征性红外光谱、相对分子质量和单糖组成,研究提取温度对LRPs理化特性的影响;通过检测DPPH、ABTS+、羟基自由基、超氧阴离子自由基清除活性及铁氰化钾的还原能力,分析提取温度对LRPs抗氧化活性的影响;通过分析LRPs对RAW264.7细胞活力及细胞因子分泌的影响,研究提取温度对LRPs免疫调节活性影响。结果表明:不同提取温度可以影响LRPs的理化特性及其抗氧化和免疫调节活性。在60℃(LRP60,2.38%±0.11%)和80℃(LRP80,2.30%±0.25%)时,多糖的提取得率显著高于其他温度;LRP20、LRP40、LRP60、LRP80和LRP100的相对分子质量分别为293.34、227.94、233.45、273.53和233.66 kDa。LRPs单糖组成主要为L-Ara、D-Gal、D-Glc、D-Man、L-Rha和D-GlcA,并含有少量D-Xyl,其中LRP80和LRP100含有D-GalA;在60和80℃温度下提取得到的黑果枸杞多糖LRP60和LRP80具有良好的抗氧化活性和免疫调节活性,提取温度60℃时,黑果枸杞多糖单糖组成中D-Gal和L-Ara比例升高,抗氧化活性较好;提取温度80℃时,D-GlcA、D-Glc和D-GalA比例升高,黑果枸杞多糖免疫调节活性较好。黑果枸杞多糖LRP60和LRP80可作为潜在的天然抗氧剂或免疫调节剂。Lycium ruthenicum Murr.polysaccharides(LRPs)were obtained by the water extraction-ethanol precipitation method using extraction temperature(20,40,60,80,100℃)as variables.The effects of extraction temperature on the physicochemical properties of LRPs were investigated by analyzing the yield of polysaccharides,carbohydrate content,glyoxylate content,UV spectra,FT-IR spectra,relative molecular mass and monosaccharide composition.The effect of extraction temperature on the antioxidant activity of LRPs was analyzed through the detection of DPPH,ABTS+,hydroxyl radicals,superoxide anion radical scavenging activity,and the reducing ability of potassium ferricyanide.The effect of extraction temperature on the immunomodulatory activity of LRPs was investigated by analyzing the effect of LRPs on RAW264.7 cell viability and cytokine secretion.Different extraction temperatures could affect the physicochemical properties of LRPs as well as their antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities.The extraction yields of polysaccharides at 60℃(LRP60,2.38%±0.11%)and 80℃(LRP80,2.30%±0.25%)were significantly higher than those of other polysa-ccharides.The relative molecular masses of LRP20,LRP40,LRP60,LRP80 and LRP100 were 293.34,227.94,233.45,273.53 and 233.66 kDa,respectively.LRPs were mainly composed of L-Ara,D-Gal,D-Glc,D-Man,L-Rha and D-GlcA with a small amount of D-Xyl,of which LRP80 and LRP100 contained D-GalA.The Lycium ruthenicum Murr.polysaccharides obtained by extracting at 60℃and 80℃temperature had good antioxidant activity and immunomo-dulatory activity.At an extraction temperature of 60℃,the proportion of D-Gal and L-Ara in the monosaccharide composition of polysaccharides increased,and the antioxidant activity was better.While the ratio of D-GlcA,D-Glc and D-GalA increased at the extraction temperature of 80℃,the immunomodulatory activity of Lycium ruthenicum Murr.polysaccharides was better.Therefore,LRP60 and LRP80 from Lycium ruthenicum Murr.could serve as potential natural antioxidants or immunomodulator

关 键 词：黑果枸杞多糖 提取温度 理化特性 抗氧化活性 免疫调节活性 

分 类 号：TS201.2[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]