基于脂肪酶固定化的棉织物易去油污整理及其应用  

Degreasing finishing of cotton fabrics based on lipase immobilization and its application

作　　者：巢探宇 叶韵 李娜 廖思含 马琪凯 崔莉 CHAO Tanyu;YE Yun;LI Na;LIAO Sihan;MA Qikai;CUI Li(College of Textile Science and Engineering,Jiangnan University,Wuxi,Jiangsu 214122,China)

机构地区：[1]江南大学纺织科学与工程学院,江苏无锡214122

出　　处：《纺织学报》2025年第1期130-137,共8页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(22178145)。

摘　　要：为进一步提升脂肪酶的稳定性、重复使用率及其在棉织物表面的去油污性能,以棉织物为载体固定游离脂肪酶。首先,采用高碘酸钠(NaIO_(4))预处理棉织物,使棉织物表面的羟基氧化形成醛基,其次通过席夫碱反应在预处理棉织物表面对游离脂肪酶进行固定化,并探究脂肪酶的固定化条件、固定化脂肪酶的酶学性质、应用稳定性及其对棉织物的去油污性能。结果表明:棉织物氧化预处理的适宜条件为NaIO_(4)浓度0.20 mol/L,氧化时间2 h;脂肪酶固定化的适宜条件为脂肪酶质量浓度15 g/L,反应时间12 h,pH值5.0,反应温度4℃,所得的固定化脂肪酶的最高酶活力为35 U/g棉织物;与游离脂肪酶相比,固定化脂肪酶的最适温度无明显差异,均为50℃,但固定化后,脂肪酶的温度稳定性、pH值稳定性以及储存稳定性均得到了一定程度的提高;固定化脂肪酶具有较好的重复使用性,并使棉织物具有良好的去油污性能。Objective Lipase is an important class of hydrolytic enzyme,and the hydrolysis substrates of lipase are usually natural oils and fats,where the hydrolysis site is the fatty acid and glycerol linked ester bond in oils and fats.Immobilized lipase has high stability and can be recycled for high quality products,having better properties than free lipase.Textile materials are a valid carrier for immobilized lipase,leading to special functional properties of the textiles.Method The lipase molecule carries amino groups,and the hydroxyl groups of cotton can be oxidized into aldehyde groups selectively with sodium periodate.Therefore,the lipase molecules can be immobilized on the surface of cotton by the Schiff base reaction.Based on the above reaction principle,the oxidized cotton was used as the carrier for the immobilization of lipase to prepare textiles with degreasing function based on the hydrolysis of lipase.The immobilization conditions of lipase were investigated,and the enzymic properties of the immobilized lipase and the degreasing properties of the lipase-containing cotton fabric were investigated.Results The suitable process conditions for the immobilization of lipase on cotton fabrics oxidized with sodium periodate were described as follows.0.5 g cotton fabric was pretreated in 20 mL of 0.2 mol/L sodium periodate solution at 40℃for 2 h.After sufficient washing,the lipase was cross-linked on cotton in 20 mL enzyme solution with pH 5.0 containing 15 g/L enzyme for 12 h at 4℃.The optimum temperature of the immobilized lipase was 50℃,which was similar to that of free lipase.Experiment results indicated that the immobilization process did not significantly affect the optimum temperature of lipase.However,the acid-resistant stability and temperature-resistant stability of immobilized lipase were improved compared with those of free lipase.Both the immobilized enzyme and free enzyme had similar stability under weak acidic conditions.While the stability of immobilized lipase was slightly better than that of fr

关 键 词：脂肪酶 固定化 棉织物 去油污 酶稳定性 酶活力 易去污整理 

分 类 号：TS195.5[轻工技术与工程—纺织化学与染整工程]