惯容器元件对轨道车辆横向低频振动的影响研究  

Influence of Inerter Components on Lateral Low-frequency Vibration of Rail Vehicles

作　　者：夏张辉 陈迪来 曾毅 XIA Zhanghui;CHEN Dilai;ZENG Yi(Locomotive&Car Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Ltd.,Beijing 100081,China;School of Railway Transportation,Shanghai University of Applied Technology,Shanghai 201418,China;Track Maintenance Department,China Railway Guangzhou Group Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510088,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司机车车辆研究所,北京100081 [2]上海应用技术大学轨道交通学院,上海201418 [3]中国铁路广州局集团有限公司工务部,广州510088

出　　处：《噪声与振动控制》2025年第1期222-227,255,共7页Noise and Vibration Control

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司重大科研资助项目(K2022J022);中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司科研资助项目(2022YJ264);上海市科委杨帆专项资助项目(22YF1447600)。

摘　　要：惯容器是新型的隔振元件,探究其低频减振效果,可为轨道车辆横向低频晃动研究提供新思路和理论借鉴。建立包含惯容器元件的车辆系统动力学模型,研究车辆横向低频晃动的机理及惯容器元件对低频减振效果,借助欧式贴近度,定义整个车辆系统所有模态之间的耦合度,该指标能有效表征转向架蛇行频率被车体固有频率俘获的程度。以降低车辆整体耦合度为目标,对惯容器参数进行优化。计算结果表明:转向架蛇行频率被车体某些固有频率俘获,此时两者的固有频率非常接近,并且振型极为相似,引起车辆横向低频晃动。对于二系横向悬挂采用“惯容-弹簧-阻尼”减振结构,能有效降低车辆系统模态间的耦合程度,该减振结构具有良好的低频隔振性能。Inerter is a new type of vibration isolation elements.In this paper,the low-frequency vibration reduction effect of the inerters was explored,which provides new ideas and theoretical reference for the study of lateral low-frequency swaying of rail vehicles.The dynamic model of the vehicle system including inerter element was established to study the mechanism of the lateral low-frequency swaying of the vehicle and the effect of the inerter element on the low-frequency vibration reduction.The coupling degree between all modes of the whole vehicle system was defined by Euclid approach degree.This index can well characterize the degree of the capture of the bogie hunting frequency by the natural frequency of the vehicle body.In order to reduce the overall coupling degree of the vehicle,the parameters of the inerter were optimized.The calculation results show that the bogie hunting frequency can be captured by some natural frequencies of the vehicle body.At this time,the bogie hunting frequency and the natural frequency of the vehicle body are very close,and their vibration modes are very similar,which causes the lateral low-frequency swaying of the vehicle.When the secondary lateral suspension adopts the″inerter-spring-damper″structure,it can effectively reduce the coupling degree between the modes of the vehicle system and has a good low-frequency vibration isolation performance.

关 键 词：振动与波 惯容器 低频振动 频率俘获 模态耦合度 晃车 

分 类 号：U27[机械工程—车辆工程]