用于发酵废次烟叶的酵母菌筛选及增香效果研究  

Isolation and Identification of Aroma-producing Yeasts and Effects on Aroma Increase of Low Grade Tobacco Leaves

作　　者：韩晗 赵思宸 仵洁 陈茜歌 陈飞龙 陈雪 HAN Han;ZHAO Sichen;WU Jie;CHEN Xige;CHEN Feilong;CHEN Xue(School of Food and Bioengineering,Hefei University of Technology,Xuancheng 242000,Anhui,China;Anhui Jiaotianxiang Biological Technology Co.,Ltd.,Xuancheng 242000,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学食品与生物工程学院,安徽宣城242000 [2]安徽焦甜香生物科技有限公司,安徽宣城242000

出　　处：《中国烟草科学》2024年第6期91-98,共8页Chinese Tobacco Science

基　　金：安徽省大学生创新创业训练项目(S202310359366);安徽焦甜香生物科技有限公司委托项目(W2022JSKF0692)。

摘　　要：产香微生物可用于提高烟叶质量及香气品质,能应用于废次烟叶的再利用。为探究产香微生物发酵废次烟叶生产特色烟草浸膏产品的可能性,本研究从陈化烟叶以及酒厂样品中分离产香酵母,结合感官评定、形态观察和分子生物学鉴定,筛选出可用于烟草增香的菌株,通过GC-MS分析关键香气成分,并制备烟草浸膏进行评吸。最终筛选出8种具有明显香气特征的酵母菌,分别为酿酒酵母、卡利比克迈耶氏酵母、粉状米勒酵母、异常威克汉姆酵母、盔形毕赤酵母、库德里阿兹威毕赤酵母、阿萨希丝孢酵母、Trichosporon coremiiforme;利用筛选的菌株液态发酵废次烟叶,能产生苯乙醇、异丁醇、异戊醇等醇类物质,乙酸乙酯、乙酸异戊酯等酯类物质,以及多种特有香气成分,从而提高香气质量;其中菌株CH-5具有最佳的增香效果,发酵后产生异戊醇、2-甲基丁醇、糠醇等,香气质好,具有一定清甜感,香气较足,增香性、透发性较好,可用于提高卷烟的抽吸品质,增香掩杂。利用CH-5发酵可进一步优化开发相关浸膏产品。Aroma-producing microorganisms can effectively enhance the quality and aroma of tobacco leaves,which is particularly significant for the reuse of low grade tobacco.This study aimed to explore the possibility of developing characteristic tobacco extract products through microbial aroma-producing fermentation of low grade tobacco leaves.Aroma-producing yeasts were isolated from flue-cured tobacco leaves and distillery samples,and strains suitable for enhancing tobacco flavor were isolated and identified based on sensory evaluation,morphological observations,and molecular biological identification.The aromatic components in the fermentation broth were analyzed using GC-MS to determine the main aromatic substances and their changes.Subsequently,extract products were added to the cigarettes for sensory evaluation.Ultimately,eight strains of aroma-producing yeast with distinct aroma characteristics were isolated,i.e.,Saccharomyces cerevisiae,Millerozyma farinosa,Wickerhamomyces anomalus,Meyerozyma caribbica,Pichia manshurica,Pichia kudriavzevii,Trichosporon asahii and Trichosporon coremiiforme.GC-MS analysis revealed that the selected strains could produce alcohols such as phenylethanol,isobutanol and isoamyl alcohol;esters such as ethyl acetate and isoamyl acetate;as well as various unique aroma components through liquid fermentation of low grade tobacco leaves,resulting in improved aroma quality.Strain CH-5 exhibited superior effect on enhancing aromas and has potential for further optimization and development of extract products.

关 键 词：产香酵母 筛选鉴定 废次烟叶 发酵 香气成分 

分 类 号：TS444[农业科学—烟草工业]