Exploring resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapies in melanoma  

作　　者：Anum Jalil Melissa M Donate Jane Mattei 

机构地区：[1]Department of Medicine,UT Health Science Center San Antonio,San Antonio,TA 78229,USA [2]Long School of Medicine,UT Health Science Center San Antonio,San Antonio,TA 78229,USA [3]Department of Hematology Oncology,UT Health Science Center San Antonio,San Antonio,TA 78229,USA

出　　处：《Cancer Drug Resistance》2024年第1期249-272,共24页癌症耐药(英文)

摘　　要：Melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer,characterized by a poor prognosis,and its incidence has risen rapidly over the past 30 years.Recent therapies,notably immunotherapy and targeted therapy,have significantly improved the outcome of patients with metastatic melanoma.Previously dismal five-year survival rates of below 5%have shifted to over 50%of patients surviving the five-year mark,marking a significant shift in the landscape of melanoma treatment and survival.Unfortunately,about 50%of patients either do not respond to therapy or experience early or late relapses following an initial response.The underlying mechanisms for primary and secondary resistance to targeted therapies or immunotherapy and relapse patterns remain not fully identified.However,several molecular pathways and genetic factors have been associated with melanoma resistance to these treatments.Understanding these mechanisms paves the way for creating novel treatments that can address resistance and ultimately enhance patient outcomes in melanoma.This review explores the mechanisms behind immunotherapy and targeted therapy resistance in melanoma patients.Additionally,it describes the treatment strategies to overcome resistance,which have improved patients’outcomes in clinical trials and practice.

关 键 词：IMMUNOTHERAPY BRAF RESISTANCE MELANOMA overcoming resistance 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]