医学教育早期接触临床教学的理论指向与实现路径——基于中、美、英、日、澳一流医学院校的比较研究  

Theory Foundation and Implications of Early Clinical Exposure in Medical Education:A Comparative Study across First-Class Medical Schools in Five Countries

作　　者：吕昕航 李鸿鹤[2] LV Xinhang;LI Honghe(The First Clinical College,China Medical University,Shenyang 110001,Liaoning,China;Institute of Health Professions Assessment and Reform,China Medical University,Shenyang 110122,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学第一临床学院,辽宁沈阳110001 [2]中国医科大学医学教育评价与改革研究院,辽宁沈阳110122

出　　处：《复旦教育论坛》2024年第6期106-115,共10页Fudan Education Forum

基　　金：辽宁省科技厅项目“建构主义学习理论视角下医学生职业精神培养路径与策略研究”(2022JH2/20200022)。

摘　　要：早期接触临床教学作为医学教育的重要组成部分,目的是解决理论与实践、基础与临床、局部与整体的脱节问题,日益受到各国的重视。然而,目前针对其逻辑依据和实施现状的研究尚显不足。本研究旨在梳理早期接触临床教学的历史渊源、发展历程和理论基础,并从课程视角对国内外“早临床”培养的表现形式、现状及主要特征进行比较分析。研究发现早期接触临床教学对促进知识迁移、提升问题解决能力和推动个体全面发展具有重要意义。在早期接触临床教学实施过程中需坚持长期主义的学习效果评价,促进系统培养和全人教育,并优化资源配置和加强风险管控。Early clinical exposure(ECE),a crucial component of medical education,aims to bridge the gap between theory and practice,basic science and clinical application,and localized versus holistic understanding of medicine.Its importance is increasingly recognized globally.However,research exploring the pedagogical rationale and current implementation of ECE remains limited.This study examines the historical origins,developmental trajectory,and theoretical foundations of ECE.Furthermore,it provides a comparative analysis of the various forms,current status,and key characteristics of ECE curricula internationally.The findings suggest that ECE plays a significant role in facilitating knowledge transfer,enhancing problem-solving skills,and promoting holistic personal development.Effective implementation of ECE requires a long-term approach to learning outcome assessment,fostering systematic training and whole-person education,optimizing resource allocation,and strengthening risk management.

关 键 词：医学教育 早期接触临床 教学模式 国际比较 

分 类 号：G64[文化科学—高等教育学]