2018—2022年临沂市学生食源性疾病散发病例及暴发事件分析  

Disseminated cases and outbreaks of foodborne diseases among students in Linyi City,2018-2022

作　　者：左亚凡 王济忠 ZUO Yafan;WANG Jizhong(Linyi Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Linyi 276000,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]临沂市疾病预防控制中心,山东临沂276000

出　　处：《中国校医》2024年第11期868-871,共4页Chinese Journal of School Doctor

摘　　要：目的 分析2018—2022年临沂市学生食源性疾病的散发病例及暴发事件的主要致病因素,为制订有效的预防措施提供科学依据。方法 本研究基于国家食源性疾病病例监测系统和暴发监测系统中的数据,对2018—2022年临沂市的食源性疾病病例和暴发事件进行了全面分析。处理采用Excel 2021进行整理,使用SPSS 29.0进行描述性统计分析,包括病例的基本情况、时间分布、可疑暴露食品种类及进食场所分析。结果 2018—2022年临沂市共报告食源性疾病病例375 086例,其中学生病例28 258例,占7.53%,男女比例为1.37∶1。病例主要集中在5—8月,尤其是6月。水果及其制品、肉与肉制品、蔬菜类及其制品为主要的可疑暴露食品。主要暴发场所为家庭、学校和学校食堂。致病因素以未查明为主,已知因素中生物性因素和有毒植物是主要贡献者。结论 临沂市学生食源性疾病呈现明显的季节性特征。未查明的致病因素占多数,需继续加强病原体检测和食品安全检验工作。Objective This study was aimed at analyzing disseminated cases and outbreaks of foodborne diseases among students in Linyi City during 2018-2022,to reveal the epidemiological trends and main causative factors,and to provide a scientific basis for the development of effective preventive measures.Methods This study comprehensively analyzed foodborne disease cases and outbreaks in Linyi City from 2018 to 2022,on the basis of data in the National Foodborne Disease Case Surveillance System and Outbreak Surveillance System.The data processing performed in Excel 2021,and descriptive statistics analysis was performed in SPSS 29.0,including cases’basic status,time distribution,types of suspected food exposure and outbreak sites.Results A total of 375086 cases of foodborne diseases were reported in Linyi City from 2018 to 2022,28258 of which were in students,accounting for 7.53%.The male-to-female ratio was 1.37∶1.Cases were concentrated in May to August,particularly in June.Fruits and their products,meat and meat products,and vegetables and their products were the main suspected food exposures.The main outbreak sites were homes,schools and school canteens.The causative factors were primarily unidentified,and biological factors and toxic plants were the main contributors,among the known factors.Conclusions Foodborne diseases among students in Linyi City showed clear seasonal characteristics.Most pathogenic factors remained unidentified,thus necessitating continued enhancement of pathogen detection and food safety inspection efforts.On the basis of the findings,recommendations are made to strengthen food safety education,improve food handling and storage conditions,raise awareness regarding toxic plants,strengthen public health policies and regulations,and promote cross-sectoral cooperation.

关 键 词：食源性疾病 学校 食品安全 暴发事件 

分 类 号：R155.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]