中美高校荣誉学院拔尖创新人才培养模式比较  

A Comparative Study on Top Innovative Talent Cultivation Models in Honors Colleges of Chinese and American Universities

作　　者：徐岚[1] 闫嘉欣 XU Lan;YAN Jia-xin(Center for Higher Education Development,Xiamen University,Xiamen Fujian 361005,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学高等教育发展研究中心,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《苏州大学学报(教育科学版)》2025年第1期115-127,共13页Journal of Soochow University(Educational Science Edition)

基　　金：福建省高等教育研究院高等教育改革与研究重大项目“‘四新’建设引领下的研究生拔尖创新人才培养模式改革”(项目编号:FGJG202301)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：美国高校通过荣誉教育构建了一套成熟有效的拔尖创新人才培养体系。本研究基于行动者网络理论,对中美研究型大学荣誉学院之拔尖创新人才培养模式从培养目标、学生选拔、课程教学、科研训练和资源支持等方面进行了分析。研究发现:美国高校荣誉学院以满足学生发展需求为主导,是新自由主义浪潮下高校的自主行为,选拔评价“轻业绩重特质”,课程设置开放灵活,科研训练重视发挥学生自主性,资源支持充分多元;我国高校荣誉学院受国家功利主义价值导向支配,强调统一标准和集体规范,选拔评价更看重学业表现,课程设置相对固定,科研训练强调早期参与并接受系统化指导,环境育人功能发挥有限。由此,我国高校荣誉学院应注重落实综合评价方式,变“筛选”为申请、邀请与引荐相结合;改变“圈养”,加强开放性,变优绩主义为“包容性卓越”;关注课堂外高影响力教育实践,构建学习生活一体化社区。American universities have established a mature and effective system for cultivating top innovative talents through honors education.Based on the Actor-network Theory,this study analyzes the top innovative talent cultivation model of research-oriented universities’honors colleges in China and the United States from the perspectives of training objectives,student selection,course teaching,scientificresearch training,and resource support.The study finds that American universities’honors colleges are autonomous behaviors of universities under the neoliberal wave and take the needs of students as the dominant,with a light emphasis on performance and a heavy emphasis on traits in student selection and evaluation,flexible and open course setting,scientific research training that emphasizes the autonomy of students,and sufficient and diverse resource support;Chinese universities’honors colleges are dominated by utilitarian value orientation of the state and emphasize uniform standards and collective norms,with a greater emphasis on academic performance in student selection and evaluation,relatively fixed curricula,scientific research training that emphasizes early participation and systematic guidance,and limited function of the environment in nurturing talents.Therefore,honors colleges in Chinese universities should pay more attention to the implementation of comprehensive evaluation methods,change“screening”to a combination of application,invitation,and recommendation;change“enclosure”to openness,changemeritocracy to“inclusive excellence”;pay attention to high-impact educationalpractices outside the classroom and build a learning and living integrated community.

关 键 词：人才培养 荣誉学院 拔尖创新人才 培养模式 

分 类 号：G512[文化科学—教育学]