酵母菌常温发酵技术对禽畜粪污及时分解去除效果的研究  

Effect of normal temperature fermentation by yeast on pig manure pollution

作　　者：陈璇[1] 魏珂 郑志 朱瑜 朴丙熙 CHEN Xuan;WEI Ke;ZHENG Zhi;ZHU Yu;PARK Byounghee(Xinxiang Medical University,Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Applied Microbial Technology,Xinxiang,Henan 453000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]新乡医学院新乡市医药微生物应用技术重点实验室,河南新乡453000 [2]韩国莱帕坚(株)公司

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2025年第1期1-6,95,共7页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：河南省引进国外智力专项(HNGD2022066);新乡医学院海外归国博士启动金(505098)

摘　　要：目的探讨酵母菌常温发酵对粪污及时分解去除效果。方法向1 t粪污中分别添加1.2×10^(7)CFU/ml的酵母菌0.7 L(低剂量酵母菌组)、1 L(中剂量酵母菌组)、1.5 L(高剂量酵母菌组);畜禽粪便和酵母菌混合以后,常温[室温为(23±5)℃]下发酵6 d,另设对照组(1.0 L无菌蒸馏水)。检测粪污中氨气、硝态氨、游离态氨气、正磷酸盐的浓度和生化需氧量(COD)、化学需氧量(BOD)及大肠杆菌群,分析粪污固体分解程度。结果各剂量酵母菌组在常温发酵下的酵母菌数均呈现增加趋势。与对照组相比,中、高剂量酵母菌组粪污硝态氨和正磷酸盐浓度以及各剂量酵母菌组粪污游离态氨气浓度、COD、BOD和大肠杆菌群均降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);而各剂量酵母菌组粪污的pH值无明显改变。与对照组相比,中、高剂量酵母菌组粪污固体体积均减少,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);而低剂量酵母菌组粪污固体体积无明显改变。结论酵母菌常温发酵粪污分解方案实现粪污无害化和资源再利用,能节能减排,具有较好经济效益,旨为解决规模化养殖畜禽大量粪污堆积及资源再利用的生物发酵方案提供新思路。Objective To understand the effect of yeast fermentation at room temperature on timely decomposition and removal of pig manure.Methods Add 0.7 L(low-dose yeast group),1 L(moderate dose yeast group),and 1.5 L(high-dose yeast group)of yeast at a concentration of 1.2×10^(7)CFU/ml to 1 t of manure,respectively.After mixing manure with yeast,the fermentation was carried out at room temperature(23±5)℃for 6 days,and a control group(1.0 L sterile distilled water)was also set up.The concentrations of ammonia,NO_(3)^(-)-N,NH_(4)^(+)-N,PO_(4)^(-)-P,COD,BOD,and Escherichia coli in feces were determined,and the degree of solid decomposition of manure was analyzed.Results The yeast count of each dose of yeast group showed an increasing trend under normal temperature fermentation.Compared with the control group,the concentrations of NO_(3)^(-)-N and PO_(4)^(-)-P in the manure of the moderate and high dose yeast groups,as well as the concentrations of ammonia,COD,BOD,and Escherichia coli in the manure of each dose yeast group,were all reduced,with significant differences(P<0.05).However,there was no significant change in the pH value of manure in each dose of yeast group.Compared with the control group,the solid volume of manure in the medium and high dose yeast groups decreased significantly(P<0.05).However,there was no significant change in the solid volume of manure in the low-dose yeast group.Conclusion The yeast room temperature fermentation manure decomposition plan achieves harmless treatment and resource reuse of manure,which can save energy and reduce emissions,and has good economic benefits,and it aims to provide novle ideas for solving the problem of large-scale livestock and poultry manure accumulation and resource reuse in biological fermentation schemes.

关 键 词：粪污 常温 发酵 酵母菌 资源再利用 

分 类 号：X713[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TQ920.6[轻工技术与工程—发酵工程]