精致的铁笼:制度环境如何影响校本教研开展  

Sophisticated Iron Cage:How Does Institutional Environment Affect the Implementation of School-Based Teaching and Research

作　　者：钟筱雨 朱志勇[1] ZHONG Xiaoyu;ZHU Zhiyong(College of Educational Administration,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学教育学部,北京100875

出　　处：《教育发展研究》2024年第24期76-84,共9页Research in Educational Development

基　　金：教育部政策法规司资助课题“基于育人方式改革需求的学校制度变革研究”(JYBZFGS2023408)的部分成果

摘　　要：立足学校实际开展教研工作是保障基础教育质量的重要支撑,而校本教研实践在很大程度上受到来自制度环境的支持和制约。以江苏省某公立小学为个案开展质性研究,发现制度环境对校本教研开展施加了多维影响。其强制性面向表现为精密化的权力架构形塑了资源分配格局,条线分割的管理体制与层层问责的评价机制使得教研资源分配遵循行政导向与考核标准;默隐性面向体现为同质化的文化规范限制了教研参与深度,以“关注学习成绩”和“重视行政命令”为主导,束缚教师教研创造性;形式性面向反映为去意义化的价值系统制约教研成果转化,数据治理模式下难以量化的教育目的以及相应的教研创新被边缘化。技术理性取向的权力架构与文化规范共同构筑了一个精致的“铁笼”,使得制度环境呈现出较强的稳定性。然而数据治理与教育本质目的的结构性矛盾诱发了价值系统的去意义化,也为精致的“铁笼”注入了一定的可变性。Carrying out teaching and research based on the actual situation of schools is an important support for ensuring the quality of basic education,while the school-based teaching and research practice is largely supported and restricted by the institutional environment.Taking a public primary school in Jiangsu province as a case study,it is found that the institutional environment has multiple influences on school-based teaching and research.First,the mandatory aspect is shown as the precise power structure shapes the resource allocation pattern,which means the management system with divided lines and the evaluation mechanism with layered accountability lead the resource allocation to follow administrative directions and assessment criteria.Second,the tacit aspect is reflected in that the homogeneous cultural norms limit the depth of teaching and research participation.Dominated by emphasizing“test score”and“administrative order”,these norms restrain teachers'creativity.Third,the formalistic aspect is presented as the de-meaning value system restricts the transformation of teaching and research results.Under the data governance model,the hard-to-quantify educational purposes and corresponding innovations are marginalized.Adhering to the technical rationality,power structure and cultural norms create a sophisticated iron cage together,giving the institutional environment strong stability.However,the structural contradiction between data governance and the essential educational purpose induces the de-meaning of value system and injects some variability into the iron cage.

关 键 词：校本教研 制度环境 铁笼 

分 类 号：G627[文化科学—教育学]