拔尖创新人才早期培养的审思与路径——基于英才教育支持机制的国际比较  

Reflections and Paths of the Early Education of Top-notch Innovative Talents:Based on the International Comparison of the Support Mechanisms for Gifted Education

作　　者：张云婷 王凤琴 陈寒 ZHANG Yunting;WANG Fengqin;CHEN Han(Teacher Education School,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510631)

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学教师教育学部,广州510631

出　　处：《教育发展研究》2024年第24期20-28,共9页Research in Educational Development

基　　金：国家社会科学基金教育学重大课题“新时代高质量教师教育体系建设及师资供需配给研究”(VFA220007)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：大力发展英才教育已经成为世界教育强国拔尖创新人才早期培养的战略选择,我国当前英才教育进展迟滞,支持机制尚未建立健全。聚焦英才教育成效卓越的国家,从合法性支持、程序性支持和资源性支持三个维度,考察这些国家如何通过支持机制保障英才教育纵深开展。研究发现,无论是作为独立的教育类别还是纳入主流教育或采取平等主义倾向的差异化教学,英才教育在制度安排上正在更紧密地嵌入各国教育体系和发展战略进程中,在培养过程中强调更全面包容的安置与培养策略,在资源支持上全方位加强教师、资金和学习资源的支撑。基于英才教育支持机制的国际比较,我国在拔尖创新人才早期培养过程中有必要通过制定相关法规政策并设置专门管理机构赋予其合法性制度支持,通过建立贯通式选育机制一体化设计早期培养体系,通过师资队伍建设、资金支持和学习资源库学生数据库建设强化早期培养的资源支撑及共享,以夯实拔尖创新人才培养的“底座”。Vigorously developing gifted education has already become the strategic choice of the early education of top-notch innovative talents in many countries.However,the progress of gifted education in China has been sluggish,and the support mechanism has not been fully established yet.This research examines,from the three dimensions of legitimacy support,procedural support,and resource support,how the countries with remarkable achievements in gifted education support and ensure the extensive development of gifted education through effective support mechanisms.The research findings show that in terms of institutional arrangements,gifted education is being more closely integrated into the educational systems and development strategic processes of countries.In the process of cultivation,gifted education emphasizes more comprehensive and inclusive placement and cultivation strategies.In terms of resource support,the support for teachers,funds,and learning resources of gifted education is strengthened.Based on the international comparison of the support mechanisms for gifted education,in the process of the early education of topnotch innovative talents,it is necessary for China to formulate relevant laws,regulations and policies,establish spcialized management agency,design an integrated early cultivation system,and strengthen the resource support,so as to consolidate the foundation for the cultivation of top-notch innovative talents.

关 键 词：英才教育 支持机制 拔尖创新人才培养 国际比较 

分 类 号：G511[文化科学—教育学]