古典德性论与孔子教育哲学  

Classical Virtue Ethics and Confucius’Educational Philosophy

作　　者：李长春[1] Li Changchun

机构地区：[1]中山大学哲学系,广东广州510275

出　　处：《管子学刊》2025年第2期117-128,共12页GuanZi Journal

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“新编孟子正义”(22&ZD036)。

摘　　要：孔子的教育哲学及其教育实践是讨论古典教育的最佳范本。孔子教育哲学以强调“忠信”等自然美德为基础,以守护这些自然美德为旨归。在其教育实践中,关于“好学”的评论有着特殊的意义。它能唤起人对万物的好奇和敏感,又能提示人自我表达的审慎和节制。“好古”则是“好学”的最高境界,它导向古典教育的最高主题,即通过塑造人类心灵来塑造政治社会。以孔子教育为代表的古典教育是一种精神教养和美德塑造。作为一种精神教养,它对受教育者有一种天然的选择;作为一种美德塑造,与其说是赋予受教育者某种德性,不如说是保护和滋养受教育者本身就具有的某种品质。古典教育的最高主题是选取怎样的文艺来塑造人类心灵,并通过塑造人类心灵来改善政治社会的问题。Confucius’educational philosophy and educational practice are undoubtedly the best model for discussing classical education.Confucius’educational philosophy is based on emphasizing natural virtues such as“loyalty and trustworthiness”and aims to preserve them.In his educational practice,the comment on“love of learning”has a special meaning which can arouse the educated people’s curiosity and sensitivity to everything,and it also prompts them to exercise caution and restraint in self-expression.“Fondness for antiquity”is the highest state of“love of learning”.It leads to the highest theme of classical education,that is,to shape the political society by shaping the human mind.Classical education,represented by Confucian education,is a spiritual cultivation and moral shaping.As a form of spiritual cultivation,it has a natural selectivity for the educated;as a form of moral shaping,it is not so much about endowing the educated with certain virtues as it is about protecting and nurturing the virtues that they already possess.The central theme of classical education is the question of selecting what kind of arts and literature to use to shape the human mind,and then using that shaped mind to shape the political and social order.

关 键 词：孔子 古典教育 忠信 好学 好古 

分 类 号：G40-09[文化科学—教育学原理] B222.2[文化科学—教育学]