竞赛方法论:开放性题目与探索创新能力培养  

COMPETITION METHODOLOGY:OPEN TOPICS AND CULTIVATING INNOVATION CAPABILITIES

作　　者：张映辉 付姚 殷燕 ZHANG Yinghui;FU Yao;YIN Yan(College of Science,Dalian Maritime University,Dalian,Liaoning 116026)

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学理学院,辽宁大连116026

出　　处：《物理与工程》2024年第6期101-105,共5页Physics and Engineering

基　　金：2024年教育部产学合作协同育人项目“适应‘三位一体’要求的大学物理实验线上线下师资培训(教研活动)联盟建设及运行”;2022年辽宁省普通高等教育本科教学改革研究项目“应用物理学一流专业建设的研究与实践”;2021年度辽宁省普通高等教育本科教学改革研究项目“结合物理教学传授辩证唯物主义世界观和方法论研究(项目指南编号1-9)”;大连海事大学2023年度校内资助正式出版教材(本科)“《大学物理实验(第三版)》(BJC2023037)”。

摘　　要：全国大学生物理实验竞赛(创新)是拉动教育改革和教学质量提升的重要举措,是检验学生科学素养、促进创新能力提升的良好载体。本文解析了物理实验竞赛之主题——开放性题目的特点和意义,提出竞赛的总体目标应是通过开放性题目的实验研究获得“三新”(新发现、新技术、新工具),概要论述了获取“三新”成果应把握和关注的“要素”“关节点”,阐述了组织学生参赛过程中“选人”与“选题”应遵循的基本原则和工作思路,并结合实际提出了参赛学生培训的几个基本方略,供实验教学与参赛师生参考。The National College Students'Physics Experiment Competition(Innovation)serves as an important initiative to promote educational reform and improve teaching quality.It is also an excellent platform to assess students'scientific literacy and enhance their innovation capabilities.This paper analyzes the characteristics and significance of the competition's theme—open problems in physics experiments.It proposes that the overarching goal of the competition should be to obtain“three new outcomes”(new discoveries,new technologies,new tools)through experimental research on open problems.The paper outlines the essential“elements”and“critical points”necessary for achieving these outcomes.It discusses the basic principles and strategies that should be followed when selecting participants and topics during the organization of the competition.Furthermore,it offers several fundamental strategies for training participating students,serving as a reference for experimental teaching and competing instructors and students.

关 键 词：物理实验 竞赛 方略 创新能力培养 开放性题目 新发现 新技术 新工具 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]